Developing Health Literacy Skills in Children and Youth Proceedings of a Workshop (2020) / Chapter Skim
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2 Setting the Stage
2 Setting the Stage
Pages 5-18
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From page 5... ...
These frameworks would focus on literacy, numeracy, and cognitive development, as well as neurocognitive perspectives, particularly regarding adolescents and risk-taking behaviors. She added that she planned to conclude her keynote by describing health literacy and chronic disease management, health literacy development in the educational context, and consent and assent.
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2. Interactive health literacy, referring to more advanced cognitive and literacy skills, which allow someone to actively participate in their health care, often requiring social skills to help individuals interact in ways to promote health 3.
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These milestones set the stage for their ability to participate in health numeracy tasks, such as reading food labels; managing medication use, including measuring medicines and determining timing for taking medicines; interpreting blood sugars or other clinical/lab data; and understanding health risks as well as the risks and benefits of different treatments. Cognitive Development: Piaget's and Vygotsky's Frameworks Dr.
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Meanwhile, a child in the concrete operational stage begins to learn to attribute illness to the concept of germs. They believe that illness can be prevented by avoiding germs, and they may start associating illness with specific consequences.
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They can begin to read and understand health information from various sources, including websites, and are able to incorporate this information into their daily life. In the formal operational stage, teens are able to perform tasks that are more advanced.
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Considering how media, literacy, and e-health literacy skills develop can help researchers think strategically about how to promote the development of health literacy skills in children through media and technology.
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When it comes to decision making, Yin said, older elementary school children can begin to take on more responsibility regarding when to administer insulin with supervision, "and they begin to understand the effect of insulin, physical activity, and nutrition on their blood sugar levels." Older children in middle or high school, in the formal operational stage, are generally able to self-manage their diabetes, but they may need some help when having more severe issues. Typically, children in the formal operational stage can recognize signs of hypoglycemia (Jackson et al., 2015)
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: • Standard 1: Comprehend concepts related to health promotion and disease prevention • Standard 2: Analyze influence of family, peers, culture, media, and technology on health • Standard 3: Access valid information, products, and services • Standard 4: Use interpersonal communication • Standard 5: Use decision-making skills • Standard 6: Use goal-setting skills • Standard 7: Practice health-enhancing behaviors • Standard 8: Advocate for personal, family, and community health Consent and Assent In order to give consent and assent, a child needs to have health literacy skills to be able to understand the treatments or interventions that they would be consenting to. They need to understand the implications of not adhering to treatment, or not engaging with an intervention.
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Yin noted that when children are minors, parents must provide permission for their children to participate, and this is often referred to as "onsent"; however, "technically, it is permission, because a person can c only provide consent for something that involves their own body." It is important to consider how to support health literacy skill development beginning in early childhood, and many frameworks are available to help address how to support health literacy development throughout the life span. More work is needed to think about how to support the development of child literacy skills through the health care system, and how efforts can be integrated across fields and sectors that involve children and health, including medicine, education, and media.
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(Nicole Holland from the Tufts University School of Dental Medicine) • hat factors are involved when it comes to individuals choosing trusted W sources for health information?
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Closing the discussion, Alice Horowitz from the University of aryland M School of Public Health added that it was important to remember that parents are ultimately still making decisions for children, even if the children are taught health literacy skills and have some knowledge and understanding of their own health situation. For example, she said, In Head Start, all children have to brush their teeth with fluoride tooth paste every day.
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2000. Health literacy as a public health goal: A challenge for contemporary health education and communication strategies into the 21st century.
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1978. The Belmont report: Ethical principles and guidelines for the protection of human subjects of research, 3 vols.
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