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3 Panel Discussion
Pages 63-72

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From page 63...
... Complexity, nonlinear dynamics, and chaotic response all must reside on some sort of platform. Remaining agnostic initially regarding materials or physical implementation prevents prematurely selecting the wrong platform.
From page 64...
... They are well-suited to environmental sensing because of their ability to transduce, extraordinary sensitivity, nonlinear characteristics, and very large dynamic range. Schuller added that sensors may allow for a shift in computing whereby sensory input will teach the machine somehow, perhaps in a way analogous to how humans learn.
From page 65...
... Expand­ing the ability for developers to test primitives in the context of at least sim ple computations will help with understanding which computations make sense. Doing that will help elucidate how neural networks work in general, and also hopefully allow developing new algorithms that can utilize this myriad of interest ing phenomena that right now have no useful application.
From page 66...
... Does that mean that remaining agnostic regarding materials may be unwise? Strachan added to the question, asking whether constraints such as mate­rials properties or fabrication facilities' capabilities may further constrain commer cially available devices so that they may not be able to empower the applications discussed during the workshop, or if algorithm modification could accommodate any of those constraints.
From page 67...
... It provides an opportunity for innovation, whether that is building adaptable structures into hardware, or building hardware that can be grown, perhaps even literally growable hardware. Strachan asked about switching from a computer science architecture to a physical substrate.
From page 68...
... Williams recognized that the lack of guidelines or a roadmap creates a problem because their absence leaves a gap in specificity to guide researchers. It would be hard to make a comparison to the international technology roadmap for semi conductors because semiconductors development had become well defined by the time ITRS started.
From page 69...
... Talin believes that there are guiding principles of value. For example, ana log computing and nonvolatile devices involve moving ions instead of electrons.
From page 70...
... A user facility where researchers can test beyond single devices for computation, without strict limita tions on device size, number of contacts, or specific mask required would be quite valuable and contribute to advancing understanding of these devices. Schuman believes that more opportunities to bring together people from dif ferent disciplines and from the entire compute stack so that they engage and arrive at convergence will spur genuine innovation.
From page 71...
... Memristors offer hope of machines that can perform the number of computations required to make a dynamic Bayesian network feasible. If that happens, then it would be possible to investigate whether that network exhibits some of these characteristics.
From page 72...
... For instance, when working with materials, such a system could take the five most common phenomena observed and use an iterative, extrapolative algorithm to devise new solutions. Williams agreed on the value of utilizing Bayesian inferences and noted that there are other useful statistical methods and mathematical frameworks such as Markov chains.


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