Business Models to Facilitate Deployment of Connected Vehicle Infrastructure to Support Automated Vehicle Operations (2020) / Chapter Skim
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BENEFIT-COST ANALYSIS TOOL Section 3.2 describes the concept of the Excel spreadsheet-based BCA tool to support the economic case component of the business case. This appendix provides further background on the V2I applications available in the tool and instructions on how to use the tool to compute benefit-cost ratios as an input into the economic case.
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Table B-1. V2I Applications in the BCA Tool – Definitions V2I Service Definition perform additional warning actions if the actual speed through the curve exceeds the recommended speed and a roadway departure might occur.
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Figure B-1. BCA Tool Organization The structure of each set of worksheets walks a user through a systematic accounting of benefit categories and monetized benefits and costs associated with V2I deployment and results in a benefitcost ratio, return on investment, and other metrics quantifying the magnitude and timing of net benefits and costs.
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Table B-2. Definitions of Color-coded Fields Used in the BCA Tool Field Type Definition Input (I)
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Table B-4. Quantifiable Benefits of V2I Applications in the BCA Tool Benefit Category Monetizable Benefits Safety Fatalities avoided Injuries avoided Property damage only avoided Mobility (Operational)
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FigureB-2. BCA Tool Screen Capture – General Inputs General inputs include the following: • Planning Horizon -- This is the time frame over which the BCA takes place.
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B.2.2.2 Anticipated Operational Benefits Anticipated operational benefits include travel time savings for autos and operating savings for trucks. These benefits are directly dependent on the V2I application's effect on congestion reduction, which itself is likely to be a function of CV MPR.
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The default values are the research team's judgment from considering the existing research and analysis. Next, the user must enter forecasted crash rates for the corridor or network in question; this can be a constant value over the planning horizon, or it can vary by year.
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V2I applications, but the literature indicates inconclusive results on the extent and magnitude of the reduction to be able to include them in the BCA tool. The environmental benefits calculation begins with an estimate of the reduction rates in the three pollutants and fuel consumption as a result of the V2I application.
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Figure B-5. BCA Tool Screen Capture – Anticipated Environmental Benefits Input/Output Category (I/O)
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B.2.3 Cost Inputs The Cost Inputs tab contains one large table in which the user enters cost component values for the V2I application over the planning horizon. Costs are assumed to be constant 2018 dollars.
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Table B-6. CV Infrastructure Cost Components for V2I Application Implementation Cost Category / Component Notes / Examples Roadside Units / Roadside Equipment – Hardware Consider inclusion of RSU, mounting hardware, cabling, connection to traffic signal/ITS cabinet.
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Cost Category / Component Notes / Examples – Industry-wide CV Standards Committee Participation – Program Management Ongoing System O&M Post-deployment recurring costs
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Figure B-6. BCA Tool Screen Capture – Cost Inputs.
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• Total benefits • Total costs • Net benefits • Cumulative net benefits • Benefit-Cost Ratio • Breakeven year • ROI based on the selected time frame • Average annual cost • Average annual net benefits Figure B-7. BCA Tool Screen Capture – Benefit-Cost Analysis The tool has a built-in formula that enables users to calculate the ROI for any time frame (15 years or less)
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Figure B-8. BCA Tool Screen Capture – Return on Investment Time Frame Selection B.2.5 Using the Benefit-Cost Analysis Tool for a Different Application or Combination of Applications The BCA tool is currently set up for five V2I applications and designed to be used for a single V2I application at a time.
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applications, users should make changes to these benefit functions in a way that the V2I application reflects. The Costs worksheet requires the users to enter the costs to be incurred by years and by various prepopulated components for the V2I application of interest.
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