2020 Census Data Products: Data Needs and Privacy Considerations Proceedings of a Workshop (2020) / Chapter Skim
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9 Identification of Rural and Special Populations: Small Communities, the Young, and the Elderly
9 Identification of Rural and Special Populations: Small Communities, the Young, and the Elderly
Pages 109-126
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From page 109... ...
examined census data accuracy for school-age children; Joe Salvo (New York City Department of City Planning) addressed the uses of census age data for city planning; and Aaron Sojourner (University of Minnesota)
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From page 110... ...
Alaska calls its counties boroughs, but they do not cover the entire state. The rest of Alaska is unorganized, so the Census Bureau has created statistical equivalents of the boroughs called census areas.
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From page 111... ...
Mean place-level percentage population in change, 2010 Census published data and 2010 Demonstration Data Products Figure 9.1 Place-level populations in Alaska relative to the nation. SOURCE: Eric Sandberg workshop presentation; Sandberg notes that he used the IPUMS National Historical Geographic Information System (NHGIS)
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From page 112... ...
Many of these housing units were lodges and fishing camps used by Alaska Natives who still lived a subsistence lifestyle. As Matthew Berman (University of Alaska Anchorage)
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From page 113... ...
In fact, the next highest undercount rate was for children aged 5 to 9, and above that, no age group had a net undercount larger than 0.7 percent. Over time, from 1950 to 1980, the net undercount rates for young children aged 0 to 4 and adults aged 18 and over were about the same and getting smaller.
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From page 114... ...
The mean absolute error for small counties for young children in the DDP compared with the 2018 updated demographic analysis estimates was 15.2 percent compared to 8.1 percent for the SF1 file. Also, 43 percent of small counties had absolute errors of 10 percent or more using the DDP compared to only 24 percent using the SF1.
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From page 115... ...
These programs were Head Start, the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) , the Child Care and Development Block Grant, and the Maternal and Child Health Services Block Grant.
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From page 116... ...
Vink's second use case had to do with catchment ratios, or what could be called market shares, that is, how many children aged 6 to 11 in the school district were enrolled in elementary school. This indicator, which he calculated for 444 New York State school districts with 1,000 or fewer students in elementary school, could be important for school districts to self-reflect on how many kids they attracted.
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From page 117... ...
2010 Demonstration Data Products Figure 9.3 Observed change in elementary school enrollment for New York State school districts between 2009/2010 and 2015/2016, by census-derived predictor of enrollment change calculated using 2010 Census published data and 2010 Demonstration Data Products. NOTES: x-axis is the district-level ratio of children aged 0 to 5 to those ages 6 to 11.
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From page 118... ...
In the SF1, there were only two school districts that had at least one zero in the elementary school ages -- one district had only 22 elementary students and the other only 25 -- out of about 700 school districts total in New York, 699 of them outside New York City. In the DDP, in contrast, 62 school districts had at least one empty classroom, including a district with almost 400 elementary-age students.
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From page 119... ...
9.4.1 Emergency Preparedness in New York City One function of the Population Division in the New York City Department of City Planning was to help New York City prepare for emergencies like the next Hurricane Sandy. New York City has 2,165 census tracts, of which 18 percent or 394 tracts were in the Hurricane Sandy inundation areas.
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From page 120... ...
Census Bureau, 2010 Census and Demonstration Product Population Division-New York City Department of City Planning Figure 9.4 Population aged 75 and over, Hurricane Sandy inundation areas in New York City, using 2010 Census published data and 2010 Demonstration Data Products. SOURCE: Joseph Salvo workshop presentation.
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From page 121... ...
Salvo called for age to "take its share of " because age data were fundamental for applied demographers, especially at a local level. Age data were essential for drawing school zones and projecting student numbers as denominators for vital rates to monitor health and, of course, to develop population estimates and
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From page 122... ...
Absolute Slope: 51.4 3,500 3,500 3,000 3,000 2,500 2,500 2,000 2,000 Population Population 1,500 1,500 1,000 1,000 500 500 0 0 5 to 9 5 to 9 Under 5 10 to 14 15 to 19 20 to 24 25 to 29 30 to 34 35 to 39 40 to 44 45 to 49 50 to 54 55 to 59 70 to 74 75 to 79 80 to 84 Under 5 10 to 14 15 to 19 20 to 24 25 to 29 30 to 34 35 to 39 40 to 44 45 to 49 50 to 54 55 to 59 70 to 74 75 to 79 80 to 84 60 and 64 65 and 69 60 and 64 65 and 69 85 and over 85 and over Total Population: 39,670 Total Population: 39,640 Figure 9.5 Age distribution for Crown Heights South neighborhood, New York City, in 2010 Census published data and 2010 Demonstration Data Products. SOURCE: Joseph Salvo workshop presentation.
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From page 123... ...
9.5 CHILD POVERTY BY LOCAL SCHOOL DISTRICT AND ALLOCATION OF FEDERAL TITLE I FUNDS Aaron Sojourner (University of Minnesota) said his presentation would cover work done in collaboration with David Van Riper (University of Minnesota)
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From page 124... ...
, there were much higher levels of mean or median disagreement and much more variance for smaller districts. Finally, Sojourner and Van Riper calculated the average funding percent disagreement among school districts by state between the SF1 and the DDP.
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wondered whether some applications such as decisions about child services in New York City were possibly trying to get more out of census data than they were ever intended to provide. Government actors must make lots of administrative decisions, and they cannot all hang on census data.
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From page 126... ...
Were users to rely on sources that did not have the credibility that the Census Bureau had enjoyed and will hopefully continue to enjoy, that would be taking a shot in the dark. Salvo acknowledged that how much detail users needed was a question, for example, whether single years of age by sex were needed.
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