Encouraging Protective COVID-19 Behaviors among College Students (2020) / Chapter Skim
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Encouraging Protective COVID-19 Behaviors among College Students
Encouraging Protective COVID-19 Behaviors among College Students
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* This rapid expert consultation was produced through the Societal Experts Action Network (SEAN)
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The discussion is grounded in a previous rapid expert consultation produced by the Societal Experts Action Network, with developmentally appropriate adaptations for college-age individuals. Developmental psychology and brain research can guide campus leaders in implementing these strategy adaptations, based on several key tenets: • Many adolescents and young adults are socially driven, with a strong desire for reward and acceptance.
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This document • describes general behavioral and risk communication strategies informed by research in social psychology, cognitive psychology, developmental psychology, behavioral economics, and communications that can promote the adoption of protective behaviors to mitigate the spread of COVID-19; • summarizes research related to college students' development and behaviors; • identifies core components of evidence-based programs and interventions to prevent risky behaviors among adolescents; and • presents developmentally appropriate adaptations of the general strategies for adopting protective COVID-19 behaviors as they relate to college students.3 1 For the sake of brevity, the term "college" is used herein to refer to both colleges and universities. 2 The authors recognize that college students can belong to many different age groups, including older adults.
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I felt like that was a risk students' developmental needs and have implications versus a reward type of thing." for their adoption of protective behaviors: "For me it's more of who am I affecting • Anecdotally, most college students are the most. When it comes to, like, my following or want to follow the rules while grandparents or people at the grocery finding ways to engage in social interaction store, I don't want -- even if do have it, and other typical college behaviors.
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STRATEGIES FOR PROMOTING THE ADOPTION OF COVID-19 PREVENTIVE BEHAVIORS AMONG COLLEGE STUDENTS A previous rapid expert consultation produced by the Societal Experts Action Network [6] is intended to help decision makers identify strategies for increasing adherence to protective behaviors that can reduce the spread of COVID-19, including mask wearing, physical distancing, and handwashing.
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. • College students are primed for exploration, and risk taking is a normative part of their development.
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BOX 1 CORE COMPONENTS OF EVIDENCE-BASED PROGRAMS AND INTERVENTIONS TO PREVENT RISKY BEHAVIORS AMONG ADOLESCENTS As described by a National Academies report on adolescent development [18] , core program or intervention components are discrete, reliably identifiable techniques, strategies, or practices intended to influence the behaviors, outcomes, or well-being of a service recipient (e.g., college students)
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Communication Strategies The following ten strategies adapted from the previous rapid expert consultation [6] suggest how risk communication can be more effective in promoting behavior change among college students.
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. Media accounts that highlight the undesirable behavior involved in college outbreaks overemphasize that behavior and send a message of low expectations for college students.
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CONCLUSION College communities across the country are encouraging behaviors that can stem the spread of COVID-19 on campuses, and most college students appear to be complying with campus COVID-19 policies. Combining insights from developmental science with habit-promoting and risk communication strategies from social and cognitive psychology, behavioral economics, and communications research can enhance efforts to promote the adoption of protective behaviors among college students while recognizing and supporting their need for social interaction.
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. Peers increase adolescent risk taking even when the probabilities of negative outcomes are known.
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. Identity development and self-esteem of first-generation American college students: An exploratory study.
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. Promoting positive adolescent health behaviors and outcomes: Thriving in the 21st century.
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. Beyond stereotypes of adolescent risk taking: Placing the adolescent brain in developmental context.
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We thank Ashley Cate, student, University of Wisconsin-Madison; Tammy Chang, University of Michigan; Michelle Fisher, Delaware State University; Marisa Gerstein-Pineau, Frameworks Institute; David Hansen, Western Washington University; Mary Magnuson, student, University of Wisconsin-Madison; Ellen Peters, University of Oregon; Brianna Vanmatre, student, University of Wisconsin-Madison; and Joanna Lee Williams, Rutgers University. We also thank the following individuals for their review of this rapid expert consultation: Ana Mari Cauce, Office of the President, University of Washington; Robert Crosnoe, Department of Sociology, University of Texas at Austin; Susan T
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, Georgetown University DOMINIQUE BROSSARD, University of Wisconsin-Madison JANET CURRIE, Princeton, University MICHAEL HOUT, New York University ARATI PRABHAKAR, Actuate ADRIAN E RAFTERY, University of Washington JENNIFER RICHESON, Yale University Staff MONICA N
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