Using Electronic Devices While Driving: Legislation and Enforcement Implications (2021) / Chapter Skim
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F-1 Presentation for Key Stakeholders A P P E N D I X F
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F-2 Using Electronic Devices While Driving: Legislation and Enforcement Implications Slide 1 Developing and Implementing Electronic Device Legislation to Deter Distracted Driving
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Presentation for Key Stakeholders F-3 Slide 2 Key Audiences Legislators and Policy Makers Highway Safety Administrators Law Enforcement Community Stakeholders and Advocates Public Health Officers Educators
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F-4 Using Electronic Devices While Driving: Legislation and Enforcement Implications Slide 3 [For all audiences] • Distracted driving is a major traffic safety issue affecting motorists.
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Presentation for Key Stakeholders F-5 Slide 4 [For all audiences] Purpose of This Presentation Provide relevant information and guidance for different stakeholders responsible for drafting, enacting, implementing, and enforcing legislation on electronic devices.
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F-6 Using Electronic Devices While Driving: Legislation and Enforcement Implications Slide 5 [For all audiences] • Here are some of the terms used in this presentation.
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Presentation for Key Stakeholders F-7 Slide 6 [For all audiences] • [Read the definitions]
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F-8 Using Electronic Devices While Driving: Legislation and Enforcement Implications Slide 7 [For all audiences] • These are the implementation stages of effective electronic device legislation.
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Presentation for Key Stakeholders F-9 Slide 8 [For all audiences] • Different data sources may be used to measure the magnitude of the problem.
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F-10 Using Electronic Devices While Driving: Legislation and Enforcement Implications Slide 9 [For all audiences] • The language of the law has a significant impact on enforcement and public acceptance; therefore, it is essential to give a great deal of thought to the wording.
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Presentation for Key Stakeholders F-11 Slide 10 [For all audiences] • Decisions regarding penalties and fines are an important part of the implementation of a distracted driving law.
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F-12 Using Electronic Devices While Driving: Legislation and Enforcement Implications Slide 11 [For all audiences] • Several strategies are used when enacting or revising electronic device use legislation.
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Presentation for Key Stakeholders F-13 Slide 12 [For all audiences] • In many jurisdictions, a strong public awareness campaign was designed following the initial enactment or revision of the distracted driving law.
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F-14 Using Electronic Devices While Driving: Legislation and Enforcement Implications Slide 13 [For all audiences] • It is important to include law enforcement when developing the law, because the language of the law needs to be enforceable.
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Presentation for Key Stakeholders F-15 Slide 14 [For all audiences] • Evaluations can be used to assess the impact of new legislation, identify risk groups, and plan enforcement and outreach activities.
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F-16 Using Electronic Devices While Driving: Legislation and Enforcement Implications Slide 15 [Additional slides for legislators and policy makers] Legislators and Policy Makers
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Presentation for Key Stakeholders F-17 Slide 16 [Read the role] As legislators and policy makers, your role is to lead the process in revising or implementing electronic device use legislation.
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F-18 Using Electronic Devices While Driving: Legislation and Enforcement Implications Slide 17 • A key strategy to promote new distracted driving legislation is to build a coalition of stakeholders. An effective coalition extends the reach and intensifies the impact of the traffic safety program's education and outreach efforts by increasing the number of individuals who have a better understanding of the importance of distracted driving legislation and are willing to act as advocates.
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Presentation for Key Stakeholders F-19 Slide 18 • Forming a coalition provides stakeholders with an opportunity to: – Combine their resources, – Exchange information and brainstorm, – Disperse responsibilities and work assignments, – Allocate funding and other resources, – Plan community activities, – Review goals and objectives of the program, – Examine progress, and – Develop and modify strategies for outreach. • Most notably, being part of a coalition can encourage individual members to take on leadership roles to increase compliance, raise the level of traffic safety, and improve the quality of life within their community.
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F-20 Using Electronic Devices While Driving: Legislation and Enforcement Implications Slide 19 • Several jurisdictions indicated that including a variety of partners in the process was key to enacting or revising a more rigorous distracted driving law. • Important partners to consider include relevant state or provincial government agencies such as those in highway safety, law enforcement, the judiciary, and the department of motor vehicles.
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Presentation for Key Stakeholders F-21 Slide 20 • When helping to develop a law, take into account current technologies and uses and make provisions for future technology. • The law should attempt to stop the most dangerous behaviors associated with electronic device use -- specifically, behaviors that result in diversion of attention from the driving task by taking eyes off the road for any extended period of time, even if the electronic device is hands free or mounted.
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F-22 Using Electronic Devices While Driving: Legislation and Enforcement Implications Slide 21 • The law should prohibit the use of electronic devices at all times when the vehicle is traveling on public roads, including when the vehicle is at traffic signals and when it is temporarily slowed or stopped in traffic. Use of the electronic device should be permitted only when the vehicle is legally parked or pulled over on the side of the road.
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Presentation for Key Stakeholders F-23 Slide 22 • When developing legislation, clearly define the terminology used. The example on the slide shows how to define the terminology in the legislation.
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F-24 Using Electronic Devices While Driving: Legislation and Enforcement Implications Slide 23 • This slide shows how to write the prohibited behaviors when developing electronic device use legislation. [This slide is intended to be a reference to the wording in the model law.]
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Presentation for Key Stakeholders F-25 Slide 24 • As indicated earlier, a model law will have very limited exemptions. These should be clearly stated.
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F-26 Using Electronic Devices While Driving: Legislation and Enforcement Implications Slide 25 • Assignment of points or license suspension should be structured similarly to other traffic safety laws. [If the state has a points system]
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Presentation for Key Stakeholders F-27 Slide 26 • These are some of the challenges to implementing or revising legislation that the authors heard from jurisdictions across the United States and Canada: – In Idaho, there was resistance from businesses and farmers, who expressed opposition to including a hands-free ban to the state's distracted driving law. Businesses and farmers viewed the inclusion of a hands-free ban as challenging in their working environment.
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F-28 Using Electronic Devices While Driving: Legislation and Enforcement Implications Slide 27 [Additional slides for highway safety administrators] Highway Safety Administrators
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Presentation for Key Stakeholders F-29 Slide 28 [Read the role]
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F-30 Using Electronic Devices While Driving: Legislation and Enforcement Implications Slide 29 • A key strategy to promote new distracted driving legislation is to build a coalition of stakeholders. An effective coalition extends the reach and intensifies the impact of the traffic safety program's education and outreach efforts by increasing the number of individuals who have a better understanding of the importance of distracted driving legislation and are willing to act as advocates.
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Presentation for Key Stakeholders F-31 Slide 30 • Forming a coalition provides stakeholders with an opportunity to: – Combine their resources, – Exchange information and brainstorm, – Disperse responsibilities and work assignments, – Allocate funding and other resources, – Plan community activities, – Review goals and objectives of the program, – Examine progress, and – Develop and modify strategies for outreach. • Most notably, being part of a coalition can encourage individual members to take on leadership roles to increase compliance, raise the level of traffic safety, and improve the quality of life within their community.
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From page 98... ...
F-32 Using Electronic Devices While Driving: Legislation and Enforcement Implications Slide 31 • Several jurisdictions indicated that including a variety of partners in the process was key to enacting or revising a more rigorous distracted driving law. • Important partners to consider include relevant state or provincial government agencies such highway safety, law enforcement, the judiciary, and the department of motor vehicles.
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From page 99... ...
Presentation for Key Stakeholders F-33 Slide 32 • When helping to develop a law, take into account current technologies and uses and make provisions for future technology. • The law should attempt to stop the most dangerous behaviors associated with electronic device use; specifically, behaviors that result in diversion of attention from the driving task by taking eyes off the road for any extended period of time, even if the electronic device is hands free or mounted.
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F-34 Using Electronic Devices While Driving: Legislation and Enforcement Implications Slide 33 • The law should prohibit the use of electronic devices at all times when the vehicle is traveling on public roads, including when the vehicle is at traffic signals and when it is temporarily slowed or stopped in traffic. Use of the electronic device should be permitted only when the vehicle is legally parked or pulled over on the side of the road.
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Presentation for Key Stakeholders F-35 Slide 34 • When developing legislation, clearly define the terminology used. The example on the slide shows how to define the terminology in the legislation.
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F-36 Using Electronic Devices While Driving: Legislation and Enforcement Implications Slide 35 • This slide shows how to write the prohibited behaviors when developing electronic device use legislation. [This slide is intended to be a reference to the wording in the model law.]
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Presentation for Key Stakeholders F-37 Slide 36 • As indicated earlier, a model law will have very limited exemptions. These should be clearly stated.
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F-38 Using Electronic Devices While Driving: Legislation and Enforcement Implications Slide 37 • Assignment of points or license suspension should be structured similarly to other traffic safety laws. [If the state has a points system]
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From page 105... ...
Presentation for Key Stakeholders F-39 Slide 38 • These are some of the challenges shared by jurisdictions across the United States and Canada to implementing or revising legislation: – In Idaho, there was resistance from businesses and farmers, who expressed opposition to including a hands-free ban to the state's distracted driving law. Businesses and farmers viewed the inclusion of a hands-free ban as challenging in their working environment.
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F-40 Using Electronic Devices While Driving: Legislation and Enforcement Implications Slide 39 • The highway safety office can serve as a resource for all the data needed for a data-driven approach to legislation, enforcement, and education efforts. In doing so, the highway safety officer can assist in collecting, analyzing, managing, and distributing data to key stakeholders.
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Presentation for Key Stakeholders F-41 Slide 40 • Timing for outreach efforts should ideally be year-round, but often this is not feasible due to budgetary and staff restrictions. If restricted, focus outreach efforts around periods of highvisibility enforcement or other events such as changes in the legislation or Distracted Driving Awareness Month in April.
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F-42 Using Electronic Devices While Driving: Legislation and Enforcement Implications Slide 41 • It is important to employ various media outlets to deliver messages on distracted driving because it broadens the audience and the reach of the message. Methods to consider include: – Press releases, – Television and radio broadcast public service announcements (PSAs)
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Presentation for Key Stakeholders F-43 Slide 42 • Key components of a well-designed outreach message include: – Relevant Timing. The message should coincide with an event, such as Distracted Driving Awareness Month, a revision to the legislation, an upcoming enforcement effort, the start of a public information and education campaign, or reporting on a crash where distracted driving was a contributing factor.
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F-44 Using Electronic Devices While Driving: Legislation and Enforcement Implications Slide 43 • Key components of a well-designed outreach message include: – Use of Quotations as Support. Supplement the facts with supporting quotes.
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Presentation for Key Stakeholders F-45 Slide 44 • Examples of campaigns following enactment or revision of a distracted driving law include the following [update as needed with current programs] : – Maryland developed a campaign called "Park the Phone before You Drive," which targeted the handheld cell phone law.
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F-46 Using Electronic Devices While Driving: Legislation and Enforcement Implications Slide 45 [Additional slides for law enforcement] Law Enforcement
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Presentation for Key Stakeholders F-47 Slide 46 [Read the role]
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F-48 Using Electronic Devices While Driving: Legislation and Enforcement Implications Slide 47 • Well-publicized and rigorous law enforcement operations have been shown to positively influence motorists' behavior and remind the public of the consequences of disobeying the law. • Successful programs have shown that education and enforcement should go hand in hand.
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Presentation for Key Stakeholders F-49 Slide 48 • Leadership in the Agency. Visible commitment from agency leadership from the inception of the legislative idea through its enactment and enforcement will serve as a strong model for other officers who will look to leadership for support and direction.
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F-50 Using Electronic Devices While Driving: Legislation and Enforcement Implications Slide 49 • Often, the wording of the law presents law enforcement officers with challenges when trying to enforce distracted driving legislation. • Examples of challenges for law enforcement related to how legislation is worded are as follows [update as needed with current examples]
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Presentation for Key Stakeholders F-51 Slide 50 • Following are some strategies to combat some of the enforcement challenges. [update as needed with current examples]
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F-52 Using Electronic Devices While Driving: Legislation and Enforcement Implications Slide 51 • Following are some strategies to combat some of the enforcement challenges. [update as needed with current examples]
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Presentation for Key Stakeholders F-53 Slide 52 [Additional slides for community stakeholders and advocates] Community Stakeholders and Advocates
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F-54 Using Electronic Devices While Driving: Legislation and Enforcement Implications Slide 53 [Read the role]
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Presentation for Key Stakeholders F-55 Slide 54 • A key strategy to promote new distracted driving legislation is to build a coalition of stakeholders. An effective coalition extends the reach and intensifies the impact of the traffic safety program's education and outreach efforts by increasing the number of individuals who have a better understanding of the importance of distracted driving legislation and are willing to act as advocates.
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From page 122... ...
F-56 Using Electronic Devices While Driving: Legislation and Enforcement Implications Slide 55 • Forming a coalition provides stakeholders with an opportunity to: – Combine their resources, – Exchange information and brainstorm, – Disperse responsibilities and work assignments, – Allocate funding and other resources, – Plan community activities, – Review goals and objectives of the program, – Examine progress, and – Develop and modify strategies for outreach. • Most notably, being part of a coalition can encourage individual members to take on leadership roles to increase compliance, raise the level of traffic safety, and improve the quality of life within their community.
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From page 123... ...
Presentation for Key Stakeholders F-57 Slide 56 • Several jurisdictions indicated that including a variety of partners in the process was key to enacting or revising a more rigorous distracted driving law. • Important partners to consider include relevant state or provincial government agencies such as highway safety, law enforcement, the judiciary, and the DMV.
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From page 124... ...
F-58 Using Electronic Devices While Driving: Legislation and Enforcement Implications Slide 57 • When helping to develop a law, take into account current technologies and uses and make provisions for future technology. • The law should attempt to stop the most dangerous behaviors associated with electronic device use; specifically, behaviors that result in diversion of attention from the driving task by taking eyes off the road for any extended period of time, even if the electronic device is hands-free or mounted.
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From page 125... ...
Presentation for Key Stakeholders F-59 Slide 58 • Timing for outreach efforts is ideally year-round, but this is often not feasible due to budgetary and staff restrictions. If restricted, focus outreach efforts around periods of high-visibility enforcement or other events such as changes in the legislation or Distracted Driving Awareness Month in April.
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From page 126... ...
F-60 Using Electronic Devices While Driving: Legislation and Enforcement Implications Slide 59 • It is important to employ various media outlets to deliver messages on distracted driving because it broadens the audience and the reach of the message. Methods to consider include: – Press releases, – Television and radio broadcast PSAs, – Social media posts, and – Public events and school programs.
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Presentation for Key Stakeholders F-61 Slide 60 • Key components of a well-designed outreach message include: – Relevant Timing. The message should coincide with an event, such as Distracted Driving Awareness Month, a revision to the legislation, an upcoming enforcement effort, the start of a public information and education campaign, or reporting on a crash where distracted driving was a contributing factor.
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From page 128... ...
F-62 Using Electronic Devices While Driving: Legislation and Enforcement Implications Slide 61 • Key components of a well-designed outreach message include: – Use of Quotations as Support. Supplement the facts with supporting quotes.
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From page 129... ...
Presentation for Key Stakeholders F-63 Slide 62 • Examples of campaigns following enactment or revision of a distracted driving law include the following [update as needed with current programs] : – Maryland developed a campaign called "Park the Phone before You Drive," which targeted the handheld cell phone law.
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F-64 Using Electronic Devices While Driving: Legislation and Enforcement Implications Slide 63 [Additional slides for public health officers] Public Health Officers
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Presentation for Key Stakeholders F-65 Slide 64 [Read role]
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F-66 Using Electronic Devices While Driving: Legislation and Enforcement Implications Slide 65 • Researchers and other public health officers can serve as a resource for all the data needed for a data-driven approach to legislation, enforcement, and education efforts. In doing so, you can assist the highway safety officer in collecting, analyzing, managing, and distributing data to key stakeholders.
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Presentation for Key Stakeholders F-67 Slide 66 • Examples of using data to support distracted driving prevention include: – Regular Updates. Virginia develops a report on fatalities related to distracted driving and disseminates it to key stakeholders on a weekly basis.
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F-68 Using Electronic Devices While Driving: Legislation and Enforcement Implications Slide 67 • Evaluation helps you better understand program effectiveness. In particular: – If and when program goals are met – If the law is effective and which enforcement and education strategies are most and least effective – Adjustments needed to improve current education and enforcement approaches – How to redirect resources – Provide officer feedback and motivation – Identify if changes to the law are needed Goals of Ongoing Evaluation Periodic measures will enable jurisdiction representatives to identify: If and when program goals are met If the law is effective and which enforcement and education strategies are most and least effective Adjustments needed to improve current education and enforcement approaches How to redirect resources Provide officer feedback and motivation Identify if changes to the law are needed
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Presentation for Key Stakeholders F-69 Slide 68 [Additional slides for educators] Educators
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F-70 Using Electronic Devices While Driving: Legislation and Enforcement Implications Slide 69 [Read role]
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Presentation for Key Stakeholders F-71 Slide 70 • Young drivers are a key target audience for distracted driving prevention. There are several strategies that can be used when working with young drivers to educate them on the dangers of distracted driving.
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F-72 Using Electronic Devices While Driving: Legislation and Enforcement Implications Slide 71 • An additional example of a PSA geared toward teenage drivers can be found here: – https://www.youtube.com/watch? v=5ypTprjVZrA Examples of Distracted Driving Prevention with Teens A Student Using the DriveSmart Virginia Simulator Targeted PSAs for Teens – Canadian Example South Dakota's Award Winning Jim Reaper
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Presentation for Key Stakeholders F-73 Slide 72 • It is recognized that youth have a pivotal role in promoting behavioral change and their energy should be harnessed to influence changes with respect to distracted driving. • Additional information on engaging youth as influencers can be found in: – Henness, S
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F-74 Using Electronic Devices While Driving: Legislation and Enforcement Implications Slide 73 • Peer-to-peer education could serve as an opportunity to educate about the risk of distracted driving. This form of education is based on people with similar characteristics or experiences learning from one another.
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Presentation for Key Stakeholders F-75 Slide 74 • These tips are based on Project Ignition, a joint program of the National Youth Leadership Council and NHTSA to pilot and support peer-to-peer teen traffic safety (National Youth Leadership Council 2016)
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F-76 Using Electronic Devices While Driving: Legislation and Enforcement Implications Slide 75 Example Programs Based on Youth Engagement
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