Policing to Promote the Rule of Law and Protect the Population An Evidence-Based Approach (2022) / Chapter Skim
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Pages 58-64
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From page 58... ...
. Likewise, a study in the mainly rural Durham, England, Police Constabulary found that identification with the organization as a result of positive procedural justice "was consistently associated with stronger motivations or self-assessed propensities across a range of desirable behaviours, including towards community policing." This study was further summarized by its authors, who said fairness and respect, internally within police organisations, can have a similar effect [of encouraging co-operation and compliance with the law]
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From page 59... ...
However, the reported results of similar studies are quite consistent in noting the correlation between police experience internal to the organization and attitudes about policing and community relations. Internal governance structures examined in the following sections of this chapter include immediate line supervision, audits of individual officer behavior and conduct, disciplinary systems and citizen complaints, and oversight.
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From page 60... ...
For example, in the United States there have been long-standing protective practices of law enforcement officers under investigation. Internal affairs units are often constrained by these protective practices, including police union interference, lawyers hired by officers, the invoking of officers' "Bill of Rights" or immunity protections, or officers' refusals to cooperate in investigations (Walker, 2001, 2005)
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From page 61... ...
. Since the advent of citizen cellphone cameras and body-worn cameras, however, many citizen complaints made to internal affairs units are no longer reliant solely on an officer's or citizen's word.
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From page 63... ...
This historical reality is relevant to thinking about the Global South, where many countries neither provide proactive patrols to deter crime nor send police reactively to manage disputes, suspicious activity, or the kinds of situations defined by police scholar Egon Bittner (1974, p.
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From page 64... ...
. Research reviews of studies that have examined the effects of evidencebased proactive policing strategies have shown they can have significant crime reduction benefits, especially in high-crime locations.
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