Policing to Promote the Rule of Law and Protect the Population An Evidence-Based Approach (2022) / Chapter Skim
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Pages 65-74
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From page 65... ...
PROBLEM-ORIENTED POLICING Problem-oriented policing is a strategic approach to tackling crime, disorder, and even internal challenges in policing. This approach begins with a fundamental assumption: that no event, call for police service, or public safety incident is unique or unrelated.
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From page 66... ...
In total, the SARA model thereby implies that responses would be adjusted if they are inadequate, or scanning and analysis might be repeated if needed. Research evidence has indicated that problem-oriented policing can be a promising strategy to reduce crime and disorder.
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From page 67... ...
Problem solving establishes the critical "feedback loop" that Sherman (1998) emphasized is a cornerstone of an evidence-based approach and that can strengthen police accountability to public safety mandates and citizen concerns.
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From page 68... ...
discuss, these elements include having information technologies, analysts, and strong two-way communication channels between the police and the community to regularly collect, scan, and identify challenges within the community. However, even low-resource police agencies can adopt a problem-solving approach in the absence of information technology and analytic infrastructure by prioritizing the use of basic problem-solving skills to address chronic problems.
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From page 69... ...
. The goals of COP have included reducing fear, improving police-citizen relationships, increasing citizen involvement in public safety, reducing disorder, and increasing accountability and oversight of police by communities (Gill et al., 2014)
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From page 70... ...
These reviews found that while communityoriented policing does not often have consistent crime-prevention or deterrence benefits, some programs can improve citizen satisfaction with police services (although the impacts on perceptions of police legitimacy may be weaker)
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From page 71... ...
Data from all countries, however, did not show changes in crime victimization, perceived future insecurity, citizen perceptions of police, police perceptions of citizens, police abuse, crime reporting, crime tips, or the reporting of police abuse. The architects of this study believe that community-oriented policing must be supported by large-scale structural reforms in order to yield greater success.
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From page 72... ...
Such approaches to community policing are useful for a range of efforts: identifying root causes to a problem, assisting in change, opera tionalizing new tactics, gaining validity and legitimacy for policy development, or measuring success. Explaining Northern Ireland's checklist for police reform, White said that they put human rights and community service-oriented policing right in the center of their efforts from vision setting to recruitment to oversight and accountability.
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From page 73... ...
With greater assistance in developing both data analysis and strategic planning, the strategy of prioritizing harm is one that could be tested around the globe. CONCLUSION Evidence-based proactive policing strategies, such as problem-oriented policing, community-oriented policing, and the use of discretion, which aim to reduce crime as well as the harm from severe crimes, seem particularly suited to promote the rule of law and public protection if carried out with an evidence-based approach.
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