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Pages 10-32

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From page 10...
... 10 This chapter presents an overview of flood management, monitoring, prediction, warning systems, and response systems in the United States. This overview includes, but is not limited to, relevant initiatives, strategies, and tools.
From page 11...
... Literature Review 11   as "interval estimates," an expected moments algorithm (EMA) , and a standardized Multiple Grubbs-Beck Test.
From page 12...
... 12 Practices for Integrated Flood Prediction and Response Systems NOAA's Office of Water Prediction has led an inter-agency effort to develop the National Water Model (2020)
From page 13...
... Literature Review 13   Systems" (Thompson 2017) assesses NCHRP risk guidelines within a BMS, specifically AASHTOWare Bridge Management, to assist transportation agencies in estimating costs and benefits for mitigating bridge risk, replacing systems, and highlighting different consequences given 16 different scenarios.
From page 14...
... 14 Practices for Integrated Flood Prediction and Response Systems a national nonprofit organization dedicated to assisting emergency and environmental management officials by providing expert advice from a range of organizations, including NOAA and USGS. The updated version provides information quickly, abundantly, and without error about real-world events.
From page 15...
... Literature Review 15   elements, feature types, and relations in the FloodCast use case. Additionally, a standard set of attributes and specific formats for various DOT-owned assets needed to achieve FloodCast objectives was developed and is summarized in the FloodCast Data Standards and Specifications report (Dewberry and Venner Consulting 2018b)
From page 16...
... 16 Practices for Integrated Flood Prediction and Response Systems FHWA works with local governments, state transportation departments, private industries, tribes, and other stakeholders to select innovations to enhance roadway safety, reduce traffic congestion, and shorten the project delivery process through its EDC initiative (Every Day Counts 2019c)
From page 17...
... Literature Review 17   email and social media links to gather information on the evacuation needs of local areas throughout the United States. Results demonstrate that people generally agree that having an evacuation plan is important; however, responses on the presence and importance of this plan vary depending on the hazard.
From page 18...
... 18 Practices for Integrated Flood Prediction and Response Systems assessment of highway bridges (Alipour 2016)
From page 19...
... Literature Review 19   Disaster Management (Elliot 2019) analyzed 19 different response systems focused primarily on communication structure and emergency announcement use across 11 countries.
From page 20...
... 20 Practices for Integrated Flood Prediction and Response Systems roles in civil engineering project designs. The ADAP can be used either to design new infrastructure projects or to assess a current asset's sensitivity to climate change.
From page 21...
... Literature Review 21   State Notable practice Alaska (2016) In Alaska Climate Trend Vulnerability Study, three forward-focused case studies were conducted.
From page 22...
... 22 Practices for Integrated Flood Prediction and Response Systems State Notable practice and lack of expertise. The team also emphasizes the importance of considering the timing of the storm relative to the tidal cycle and also recommend not relying solely on automated digital data since local conditions cannot always be captured by them (Miller and Lupes 2013, FHWA)
From page 23...
... Literature Review 23   Which assets are critical to assess climate change effects (e.g., flooding) is debated throughout many DOTs; these assets may include data-collecting systems, such as intelligent transportation systems (ITS)
From page 24...
... 24 Practices for Integrated Flood Prediction and Response Systems DOTs related to extreme weather, a TRB NCHRP guidebook has been developed, titled Incorporating the Costs and Benefits of Adaptation Measures in Preparation for Extreme Weather Events and Climate Change. This guidebook stresses the risk of detrimental outcomes related to more frequent and more intense extreme precipitation events that are projected due to a warming climate (Dewberry Engineers et al.
From page 25...
... Literature Review 25   due to sea level rise was evaluated. The data used to identify this risk include the FHWA Highway Performance Monitoring System, flood frequency maps, historic observations of tidal gages, and future projections of the durations and frequencies of annual minor tidal floods.
From page 26...
... 26 Practices for Integrated Flood Prediction and Response Systems State Topic area Description Alabama Monitoring/warning The Alabama Department of Transportation Intelligent Transportation Systems Strategic Business Plan states that the ALGO Advanced Traffic Management System is a software that manages ITS equipment (Greshman Smith and Partners 2016)
From page 27...
... Literature Review 27   State Topic area Description Illinois Monitoring/warning Using a deterministic approach, "An Evaluation of Transportation Network Robustness against Extreme Flooding: A GIS Based Approach" (Kermanshah and Derrible 2017) analyzed the ability of the New York City and Chicago transportation networks to withstand extreme flood events.
From page 28...
... 28 Practices for Integrated Flood Prediction and Response Systems State Topic area Description Kansas Monitoring/warning The Kansas KDOT Transportation Operations and Management Center is the department that provides flood warning to the public through activation of the traveler information system (KDOT 2020)
From page 29...
... Literature Review 29   State Topic area Description New York Monitoring/warning, prediction The New York State Department of Transportation (NYSDOT) uses NWS flood warnings and BridgeWatch.
From page 30...
... 30 Practices for Integrated Flood Prediction and Response Systems Response SCDOT collaborates with multiple agencies on their flood management systems while aiming to constantly improve communication efforts. SCDOT uses BridgeWatch, which provides various benefits to its flood system efforts.
From page 31...
... Literature Review 31   Response A GHFMC briefing document explains that floodplain regulations should be enacted to protect the health and safety of the public. Any community that is part of the National Flood Insurance Program is required to meet its minimum standards (GHFMC 2018)
From page 32...
... 32 Practices for Integrated Flood Prediction and Response Systems and Engineering, Technische Universität München -- explains the digital elevation model (DEM) system, a system based on a probabilistic graphical model that was created to estimate the conditions of roads during floods.

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