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5 Recommendations
Pages 113-132

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From page 113... ... Embedded throughout this process is the opportunity to elevate evidence gaps pertaining to recommendations that promote health equity. The committee envisions identifying and prioritizing evidence gaps as the responsibility of the USPSTF with assistance from staff from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) Read the entire page →
From page 114... ... Characterizing Evidence Gaps Recommendation 1: For each of its recommendation statements, the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force should use the Clinical Preven tion Research Taxonomy to identify and describe evidence gaps. Read the entire page →
From page 115... ... More recently, AHRQ staff and the USPSTF members wrote, Although the use of implementation research is not within the scope of the USPSTF's deliberations, it notes that there are critical questions about how to best implement recommended clinical preventive services in primary care practices. Additional implementation and translational research will increase the value of the USPSTF's work and would be helpful in its deliberations. Read the entire page →
From page 116... ... , particularly the Community Guide and the Prevention Research Center networks; NIH staff tasked with implementation research; the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institutes; and representatives of professional provider organizations, such as the American Academy of Family Physicians or the American Academy of Pediatrics. As with foundational and analytic framework evidence gaps, addressing D&I will involve information gathering, identification of evidence gaps, and a research agenda addressing priority gaps. Read the entire page →
From page 117... ... In addition, implementation issues around preventive services requiring costly equipment will likely have features in common, and referring patients based on screening results to community resources will likely have common or overlapping D&I issues as well. Those interested in describing gaps related to dissemination and implementation work might start with an effort to outline common themes or challenges in implementation to facilitate the work on specific I statements. Read the entire page →
From page 118... ... Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) should indicate high priority evidence gaps. Read the entire page →
From page 119... ... As above regarding the USPSTF role in reviewing D&I evidence, the committee suggests that, given the demands on the USPSTF members, identifying priority gaps and outlining research to fill those gaps could be done by AHRQ staff and ODP and other NIH staff in consultation with the USPSTF members and stakeholders. If there are concerns about this process holding up issuance of a USPSTF recommendation statement, this could be published separately and subsequent to publication of the recommendation statement itself. Read the entire page →
From page 120... ... . Current evidence gaps note that the prevalence of disease is high among American Indian/Alaska Native, Black, Hispanic/ Latino, and Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander persons. When developing a research agenda for this recommendation statement, groups like AHRQ, NIH, and the USPSTF will need to consider how to prioritize research addressing racial and ethnic health disparities compared with the dearth of evidence regarding screening men in general for chlamydia or gonorrhea. Read the entire page →
From page 121... ... Institutionalizing the Use of the Taxonomy Recommendation 3: The National Institutes of Health and the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality should make the tax onomy accessible on their websites and integrate the taxonomy terms and phrases in their relevant publications, including but not limited to the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommenda tion statements, funding announcements, and grant and contract awards. Read the entire page →
From page 122... ... Recommendation 4: Funders, in particular the National Institutes of Health and the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute, should set aside funding to address high-priority evidence gaps identified by the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Read the entire page →
From page 123... ... Preventive Services Task Force should use funding mechanisms and processes that can assure that research is conducted expediently, efficiently, and with fidelity to the speci fied research needs, rather than waiting for such research needs to be addressed predominantly through investigator-initiated grant mechanisms. The committee encourages NIH and other funders to explore developing creative new programs that can be brought to bear on closing evidence gaps in clinical prevention. Read the entire page →
From page 124... ... Expanding and establishing trans-NIH prevention interests into networks for clinical prevention research could also contribute to closing high-priority evidence gaps identified by the USPSTF by establishing an infrastructure to conduct prevention research. Activities would include dataset curation, survey researchers, modelers, and clinical trial infrastructure that would be poised to respond to calls to fill evidence gaps. Read the entire page →
From page 125... ... For one, there is the confusion for the clinicians and patients as to which guideline should be followed. That two guideline developers arrive at a different recommendation raises the questions, Which is right? Read the entire page →
From page 126... ... In addition to these factors that supplement the evidence base during guideline development, guideline developers might also consider advancing health equity, achieving successful dissemination and implementation, and improving public health. This complexity leads to another potential solution. Read the entire page →
From page 127... ... . Staff from CDC and NIH collaborate on studies using data from national surveys to analyze temporal trends in the use of cancer screening tests (Hall et al., 2018) Read the entire page →
From page 128... ... COMMITTEE VISION This committee approached the taxonomy and recommendations as an important component of a much larger effort for AHRQ, ODP, and USPSTF partners and other stakeholders to improve clinical prevention research and thereby practice. They may find success in this endeavor not only by implementing this committee's taxonomy and recommendations but also by adapting the committee's vision to improve clinical prevention research and practice in the United States. Read the entire page →
From page 129... ... Preventive Services Task Force. Read the entire page →
From page 130... ... U.S. Preventive Services Task Force priorities for prevention research. Read the entire page →
From page 131... ... 2011. First annual report to Congress on high priority evidence gaps for clinical preventive services. Read the entire page →
From page 132... ... 2021c. Lung cancer: Screening. Read the entire page →

From page 113...

... Embedded throughout this process is the opportunity to elevate evidence gaps pertaining to recommendations that promote health equity. The committee envisions identifying and prioritizing evidence gaps as the responsibility of the USPSTF with assistance from staff from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ)

5 Recommendations Pages 113-132

5 Recommendations
Pages 113-132