Identifying New Community-Driven Science Themes for NSF's Support of Paleoclimate Research Proceedings of a Workshop (2021) / Chapter Skim
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Introduction
Introduction
Pages 3-10
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Changes in the strength of the sun, Earth's orbital configuration, plate tectonics, volcanic eruptions, greenhouse gas concentrations, and human activities are examples of such forcings, which may manifest as responses that are regionally variable. Responses of the climate system to forcings may be amplified or dampened by feedbacks -- interactions between climate system components that can alter climate changes already under way.
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Taken together, however, proxy records paint a detailed picture of climate changes that have unfolded in the past (e.g., alternating ice ages and warm interglacial periods, periods when earth temperatures were substantially warmer and cooler than the present)
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other phenomena. While paleoclimate changes are not a perfect analog for those of the present, they provide valuable insight into how components of the Earth system respond to greenhouse gas levels and other forcings, as well as provide context for present-day measurements.
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These advances reflect progress in developing and understanding new proxies, as well as in integrating these proxy records with numerical models. In June 2021, the Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate together with the Polar Research Board, the Ocean Studies Board, and the Board on Earth Sciences and Resources of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine convened a workshop to identify potential future paleoclimate research directions that will help advance understanding of current and future change in the Earth's climate system.
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2. How does the geological record inform research about past climate sensitivity and the impact of past abrupt changes in climate under a variety of different boundary conditions, past climate states, or during periods of large and rapid changes in forcing?
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. The workshop was structured around three wide-ranging themes intended to be as encompassing of the paleoclimate community as possible: understanding past climate forcings and sensitivity; glacial, ocean, and land processes and feedbacks; and resolving regional climate change.
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Responses to the questionnaire informed the structure and the content of the workshop, and responses were made available to speakers to inform their remarks upon request. input via Google Jamboard, and moderators summarized key takeaways from the breakout discussions during the plenary.
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Chapters are organized around topics and themes that emerged from each session, integrating panelists' remarks with key takeaways from breakout discussions. The penultimate chapter summarizes the asynchronous BAJEDI session, and the final chapter provides a high-level summary of key takeaways.
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