Leveraging Commercial Space for Earth and Ocean Remote Sensing (2022) / Chapter Skim
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Pages 62-74
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From page 62... ...
The GAO also pointed out in its report that "DoD's use of commercial satellites to host defense payloads would benefit from centralizing data"4 so that future procurements take full advantage of lessons learned. The preceding discussion is an indicator of the potential offered by what is a dynamic and constantly changing New Space ecosystem offering a continuously evolving menu of commercial services that requires monitoring.
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From page 63... ...
• As-needed buy of optimum and/or calibrate established and • Sensor/data • Dual source characterized source calibration insight • Provider sustainability • Data transparency/ open science Technology Government buys • Potential for significantly • Coordination and • Ensuring Development (Orbital commercially hosted lower cost and risk for matching of orbit/ government Development Test and payload and support orbital test/validation and schedule/data security/ requirements are Validation) services on free flyer or operational accommodations/ well defined, a space station technical resources and potential is difficult and where providers' match found, result capabilities are may not be optimum well understood • Host sustainability • Understanding potential host Government integrator • Potentially lower cost • Potential capability in mission buys commercial with potential for reduced availability and/ conceptual phase bus(es)
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From page 64... ...
providers may drive dedicated launch prices down over time Government buys • Dependent on class of • Finding a rideshare • Mission flexibility rideshare launch satellite; rideshare can be opportunity, of orbit and a significantly lower cost compatible orbit deployment than dedicated launch and launch schedule schedule needed vehicle needs, and managing on-time payload delivery schedules Government buys • Fee for service business • Provider sustainability • Dual source ground station network arrangement cost savings • Potential operational services schedule conflicts Government buys • Fee for service business • Provider sustainability tracking/collision arrangement cost savings avoidance services
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From page 65... ...
On the positive side, multiple commercial providers are emerging for most products and services, which allows for dual source options to be considered in the commercial sourcing decision process. Government Customer Culture Few, if any, legislative or regulatory mandates or prohibitions impede government from the procurement of commercial services.
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From page 66... ...
As noted in the GAO reports for HOPS and CHIRP, if ONR decides to initiate a hosted payloads or in fact any multi-user PPP, it will be important to ensure cultural buy-in from the stakeholders together with consistent leadership guidance and recognition of potential funding challenges. Contracting Mechanisms Sufficient leverage exists within and outside the FAR to enable contracting structures to support a long-term sustainable New Space activity driven by government needs.
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From page 67... ...
For example, commercial services contracting typically requires the government to rely on contractors' existing quality assurance systems rather than a more conventional government inspection and testing regime. Moreover, the government sacrifices significant flexibility in managing its contractual relationships by giving up its familiar power to unilaterally modify its contracts.
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From page 68... ...
While the breadth and continued emergence of commercial capability offerings make understanding their suitability for creating effective partnerships a potentially daunting challenge for government managers, the broad scope of the government civil and defense space programs, funding challenges, and organizational contracting practices present a reciprocal challenge for industry. The substantial potential benefits for the government and its commercial partners justify finding a way to bridge these challenges through a broker or some other acquisition approach capable of enabling a trusted partnership.
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From page 69... ...
These include a range of options from public–private partnerships and commercial services contracts, as well as newer mid-tier acquisition options in the categories of rapid prototyping and rapid fielding. CONCLUSION: Currently, no existing mechanism permits forecasting future government needs to proactively inform the commercial space sector such that it can focus and prioritize the direction of its future investments.
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From page 70... ...
or a similar impartial agent as a trusted intermediary between interested government and commercial business entities to identify appropriate public–private partnership mechanisms and structure them to achieve a successful alignment of technical and procurement capabilities; and 4. Similarly employ an FFRDC or similarly trusted agent to develop guidelines for technical and business engagement to actively bridge existing gaps and new gaps as they occur between government and industry.
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From page 71... ...
as managers of the National Oceanographic Partnership Program and the extended oceanographic science community stand to directly benefit through access to New Space opportunities. In the near term, the approaches discussed in this report open the door to rapid and lower cost technology demonstration flight opportunities.
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From page 72... ...
Thus, HSA opens an important door to utilization of the commercial space ecosystem that, if appropriately supported and incentivized, could not only benefit government users but also provide the same benefits for a broad range of nongovernment users such as universities, private foundations, and privately financed science. Last, it is worth comparing the changing environment of space usage with the evolution of aviation over the past century.
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From page 73... ...
Task 2: What partnerships among industry, government, and academic institutions might be incentivized to develop the necessary space platform, system integration, launch, communications, test, data distribution, and maintenance functions? CONCLUSION: SmallSat mission partnerships between the U.S.
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From page 74... ...
The U.S. government and commercial stakeholders will increasingly rely more heavily upon integrated commercial services and advancing standards to establish a broad-based ecosystem, enabling smoother transition paths among spacecraft development, payload integration, test, launch services, operations management, and data product production.
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