Transit and Micromobility (2021) / Chapter Skim
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10 Micromobility Devices and Business Models When docked bikeshare appeared in North American cities a decade ago, it emerged as a valuable service that offered wider access to clean, low-speed urban transportation and helped extend the reach of public transit networks. Few could have imagined the explosive evolution of small, low-speed mobility into the variety of devices, business models, and operational arrangements that characterize the sector now known as "micromobility." This growth has been accelerated by major infusions of private capital, rising popular enthusiasm for micromobility devices (both personally owned and deployed as shared services)
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Micromobility Devices and Business Models 11 Officials (NACTO) 2019a, 5; Chang et al.
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12 Transit and Micromobility communicates with the system operator's network about the status and availability of bicycles. The bicycles themselves may contain little or no networked IT hardware.
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Micromobility Devices and Business Models 13 dock at all)
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14 Transit and Micromobility However, the operating burden may be greater due to the greater need for rebalancing, as opposed to a system where docks provide an organizing principle. Rebalancing entails moving vehicles from one location to another in order to match demand and to alleviate pileups of vehicles at popular destinations.
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Micromobility Devices and Business Models 15 combined (NACTO 2019b) , and more than twice as many in 2019 (86 million scooter trips versus 40 million on docked bikeshare)
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16 Transit and Micromobility with steeper topography, and allowing people with some disabilities or lower levels of physical fitness to use the services (Hernandez et al.
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Micromobility Devices and Business Models 17 Credit: Flickr user Tony Webster/Creative Commons. Figure 6.
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18 Transit and Micromobility greater user accessibility and regulatory hurdles (and greater vehicle costs) , rental rates are in line with other micromobility services (O'Kane 2019)
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Micromobility Devices and Business Models 19 Source: NACTO 2020. Figure 10.
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20 Transit and Micromobility Business Models Transportation researchers have identified a number of ways to classify the business models at work in micromobility. In general, these are based on the public, private, or nonprofit status of the entities that own the service's assets and operate the services from day to day.
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Micromobility Devices and Business Models 21 Business Model Sources of Capitalization and Operating Revenue Operational Functions and Characteristics Notes Example Programs or Operators Nonprofit owned and operated • Startup/capital funding often through public grants, private sponsorships, or philanthropic monies • Operations supported by user fees, sponsorships, ad revenue. • Can access a wide variety of funding sources and operating arrangements • May contract with third-party vendor to operate • Responsive to public interest and local/regional goals • A dwindling model, with more organizations turning over some or all of operations to a mix of public and private entities • RideKC Bike and Scooter (Kansas City)
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