Educational Pathways for Black Students in Science, Engineering, and Medicine Exploring Barriers and Possible Interventions: Proceedings of a Workshop (2022) / Chapter Skim
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4 Review of Gaps and Barriers along the Pathway
4 Review of Gaps and Barriers along the Pathway
Pages 31-46
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From page 31... ...
. • A STEM Opportunity Index developed by the National Math and Science Initiative, based on key indicators, can provide a picture at the state, county, or school district level (Dr.
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From page 32... ...
The five presenters were Lindsey Malcom-Piqueux, Ph.D., California Institute of Technology; Lester Young, Jr., Ed.D., New York State Regents; Bernard Harris, Jr., M.D., M.B.A., National Math and Science Initiative; Derek Suite, M.D., M.S., Full Circle Health; and Zenephia Evans, Ph.D., Purdue University. They were asked to consider the gaps in science education for children of color; the impact of race discordance between Black students and teachers; and obstacles that include structural and institutional barriers, inequitable school funding, and impacts on student well-being.
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From page 33... ...
They face a more hostile campus climate, as previous panelists have described. Beyond individual accounts, she said, large-scale studies have reported racial stereotyping, over-policing or surveillance, coping with the myth of meritocracy, and peers or faculty or administrators who deny existence of incidents of individual racism.
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From page 34... ...
Other forms of gatekeeping that Black women and men face on their college pathways include an additional layer of admissions requirements to get into undergraduate STEM programs, differential tuition for STEM majors, or additional fees for lab courses. "We also know from research that Black students have inequitable access to high-impact practices, such as research and internships, that positively contribute to the likelihood of remaining within STEM fields," she said.
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So the first structural barrier is that we need to have the will to take on how public education is funded in America." The next part of the "architecture" he highlighted was what he termed "the equitable distribution of talent." Black children disproportionately attend schools with the least experienced educators, he said. In New York City, he noted, schools with predominantly Black and Brown students have a turnover rate every 5 years, along with having less experienced teachers.
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From page 36... ...
Access to appropriate instructional support is particularly stark now with the need for remote learning. "One of the things we found out is not only do many of our homes not have access to the kind of technology that is needed, they don't have the kind of connectivity in the communities to support the kind of instruction that would warrant a successful remote learning experience at home," he said.
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From page 37... ...
As a response, the National Math and Science Initiative (NMSI) was created about 12 years ago, with a mission to advance STEM education for all students, especially those furthest from opportunity.2 While he is not opposed 2 For more information, see https://www.nms.org.
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From page 38... ...
Another program, called Laying the Foundation, provides STEM education in K–12. Culturally responsive teaching is important, Dr.
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FIGURE 4-1 STEM Framework for Success. 39 SOURCE: Rodney Harris, Workshop Presentation, September 2, 2020.
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Recognizing the many drivers for educational opportunities, including political will, policy, funding, and teacher certification, he added, "Even within the STEM deserts, if you look at the Black community, conditions are worse." To conclude, Dr. Harris said, "I believe STEM education is the greatest lever for accessing opportunity in this country.
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From page 41... ...
Ways to strengthen wellness and its intersection with race and STEM include exposing students to teachers and others who are professionally accomplished and have "walked the path," he suggested. "That begins to set expectations in the minds of young people." He noted several reasons this is important.
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At her institution, Purdue University, she said the graduation rates of African American students lag behind others. "My hypothesis
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Suite suggested caution in affixing labels to children. He noted many young children in foster care who come to his practice are taking multiple medications for ADHD (attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder)
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Dr. Suite said each organization has its own culture, and suggested the company look at its current practices, such as a strong Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion committee and officer responsible for raising sensitivity and holding people accountable.
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From page 45... ...
Malcom-Piqueux said she did not fully accept the premise of the question, she agreed the issue is complex. To help inform further deliberations, she referred to research on the experiences of Black immigrants versus African Americans that show how racial formation occurs across generations.
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