Options for Improving the Safety of DUKW Type Amphibious Vessels (2021) / Chapter Skim
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Pages 103-114
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From page 103... ...
103 Evaluating and ranking risks is a well-established method to address dangers and hazards that can arise from industrial and commercial activities, including transportation. Risk assessment is also a useful method for evaluating and choosing the appropriate response to situations that are unique, or at least variations on a theme.
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From page 104... ...
104 OPTIONS FOR IMPROVING THE SAFETY OF DUKW TYPE AMPHIBIOUS VESSELS The chapter concludes with an overview of risk-assessment tools that the committee has identified as especially appropriate for USCG use. The results of the committee's initial application of one of the tools, a sample output (HAZID Register)
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From page 105... ...
RISK ASSESSMENT AND RECOMMENDATIONS 105 Multiple Hull Penetrations DUKWs that have shaft boot seals with or without restrictor plates, multiple shaft penetrations, and multiple drain plugs have a higher risk of flooding. Engine Air Cooling Vents DUKWs that have air vent covers on the engine hood that lack a positive latching mechanism are susceptible to downflooding through these openings when encountering large waves.
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From page 106... ...
106 OPTIONS FOR IMPROVING THE SAFETY OF DUKW TYPE AMPHIBIOUS VESSELS LOWER RISK OPERATIONS AND RESERVE BUOYANCY DUKW operations that do not have any of the above higher risk factors can be considered lower risk operations. In addition, DUKWs fitted with reserve buoyancy such that they will remain afloat and upright in case of flooding can be considered lower risk operations unless they operate on partially protected waters or high traffic areas.
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From page 107... ...
RISK ASSESSMENT AND RECOMMENDATIONS 107 Risk analysis methodologies will help USCG better understand the greatest risks to passenger safety on DUKW vessels. There are standard risk- assessment processes used by industry to improve safety of higher risk operations.
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From page 108... ...
108 OPTIONS FOR IMPROVING THE SAFETY OF DUKW TYPE AMPHIBIOUS VESSELS with cooling hatches closed if there is a risk of experiencing sea conditions that could cause flooding through these hatches. Operating Areas Recommendation 6: USCG should develop uniform guidance to assist Officers in Charge, Marine Inspection (OCMIs)
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From page 109... ...
RISK ASSESSMENT AND RECOMMENDATIONS 109 Considering the existing National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) recommendations to remove canopies that impede passenger escape, the committee recommends that DUKWs in higher risk operations should either have no canopy or an easy-open, breakaway, shortened, or other canopy design that has been demonstrated to provide the equivalent in safety to no canopy.
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From page 110... ...
110 OPTIONS FOR IMPROVING THE SAFETY OF DUKW TYPE AMPHIBIOUS VESSELS Safety Operations Recommendation 11: USCG should require that owners and operators develop an effective company operating and safety manual, as recommended in NVIC 1-01, that incorporates training, maintenance, and operational standards as well as emergency response plans. The safety related parts of the manual could be incorporated into a company safety management system (SMS)
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From page 111... ...
RISK ASSESSMENT AND RECOMMENDATIONS 111 Risk is the product of consequences and likelihood. Consequences flow from the hazard event and are typically measured in injury and loss of life, property damage, environmental damage, and operability downtime.
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From page 112... ...
112 OPTIONS FOR IMPROVING THE SAFETY OF DUKW TYPE AMPHIBIOUS VESSELS TABLE 8-1 Example of a Risk Matrix Consequences of Increasing Severity 1 2 3 4 5 L ik el ih oo d A L L L M M B L L M M H C L M M M H D M M M H H E M H H H H Definitions of Risk: H = High Risk: Must be mitigated with engineering and/or administrative controls to a hazard category of L or M and incorporated into the design and operation. M = Acceptable Risk with Controls: Should be verified that procedures or controls are in place.
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From page 113... ...
RISK ASSESSMENT AND RECOMMENDATIONS 113 SAMPLE HAZARD REGISTER The HAZID technique is an example of a risk-assessment methodology that could be used to provide insights on which risks present the greatest dangers to DUKW passengers. Although it is not practical for USCG to carry out a HAZID for each DUKW operation under its purview, a general HAZID for typical risks, including those described in this report, across all DUKW operations, is feasible.
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