Access Management in the Vicinity of Interchanges, Volume 1: Practitioner’s Guide (2022) / Chapter Skim
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Pages 6-16
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From page 6... ...
6 Interchange and Terminal Intersection Key Factors Crossroad operational and safety performance in the vicinity of interchanges can be directly influenced by the type of interchange and associated terminal intersection geometric configurations and traffic control. This chapter provides a brief review of common interchanges and how these junctions may influence performance.
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Interchange and Terminal Intersection Key Factors 7 Major interchange types include the diamond, cloverleaf, and directional interchanges. In addition, there are numerous adaptations to these basic configurations.
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8 Access Management in the Vicinity of Interchanges Figure 2-1. Conventional diamond interchange schematic.
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Interchange and Terminal Intersection Key Factors 9 intersections. This design enables coordinated progression along the corridor.
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10 Access Management in the Vicinity of Interchanges • Right and left turns to the on-ramps are virtually unopposed, eliminating the queuing between the terminal intersections. • Signalized intersections with a full complement of movements can be located very close to the ramp terminal intersection.
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Interchange and Terminal Intersection Key Factors 11 The Type A PARCLO has the loop ramp located ahead of the interchange bridge as shown in Figure 2-6. Features of the Type A PARCLO include: • Two left-turn movements from the crossroad and two left turns onto the crossroad.
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12 Access Management in the Vicinity of Interchanges Figure 2-6. Type A PARCLO schematic.
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Interchange and Terminal Intersection Key Factors 13 roadway network. As a result, the full cloverleaf is not typically located at higher-volume crossroad locations where local access is critical.
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14 Access Management in the Vicinity of Interchanges The spacing for STOP-controlled or signalized ramp terminals to the downstream first access point should be measured from the point where the driver on the crossroad has cleared the influence of all off-ramp left-turn, through, or right-turn vehicles (see point "A" in Figure 2-9)
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Interchange and Terminal Intersection Key Factors 15 e spacing to the rst major intersection should be measured to the back of the largest expected queue positioned behind the marked or implied crosswalk (see Figure 2-11) or the stop bar if no legal crosswalk (implied or otherwise)
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16 Access Management in the Vicinity of Interchanges YIELD-controlled or a free-turning lane at a signalized off-ramp terminal also measures the spacing from the downstream edge of the signalized off-ramp terminal or the end of the freeturning YIELD-controlled lane. At times, that lane could be unsigned or YIELD-controlled.
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