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Pages 643-643

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From page 643...
... APPENDIX C 643 BOX C-2 Venus Flagship Scientific Objectives as Studied SmallSats Habitability: Understand the history of volatiles and liquid water on Venus and determine if Venus has ever been habitable Determine if Venus once hosted liquid water at the surface Identify and characterize the origins and reservoirs of Venus's volatiles today Place constraints on whether there are habitable environments on Aerobot Venus today and search for organic materials and biosignatures Orbiter Climate: Understand the composition and climatological history of the surface of Venus and the present-day couplings between the surface and atmosphere Lander Constrain surface composition and chemical markers of past and present climate Geology: Understand the geologic history of Venus and whether Venus is active today Determine if Venus shows evidence of a current or past plate tectonic regime Determine whether Venus is tectonically and volcanically active today Key Features Key Challenges Orbiter (12.4-yr life) Lander design for hazards in challenging landing environment Payload (7 instruments)

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