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1 Perspectives
Pages 9-35

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From page 9...
... Brown, Jr., Chief of Staff, U.S. Air Force1 To accelerate change to control and exploit the air domain, the Advanced Battlefield Management System (ABMS)
From page 10...
... , Defense Budget Overview, United States Department of Defense Fiscal Year 2022 Budget Request, 2021, https:// comptroller.defense.gov/Portals/45/Documents/defbudget/FY2022/FY2022_Budget_Request_ Overview_Book.pdf, May. 5  See "DoD's Data-Driven Future: Shared Knowledge, Near Real-Time Answers," 2021, Air Force Magazine, https://www.airforcemag.com/dods-data-driven-future-shared-knowledge-near-real-time answers/, June 1.
From page 11...
... D.W. Small, 2021, "Project Overmatch," Presentation to the Air Force ABMS Committee, March 3.
From page 12...
... Walden, Air Force Rapid Capabilities Office, Department of the Air Force. Presentation to the committee on January 22, 2021.
From page 13...
... and the Advanced Battle Management System (ABMS) ," Presentation to the Air Force ABMS Committee, December 18.
From page 14...
... Bendett, A Fink, et al., 2021, "Artificial Intelligence and Autonomy in Russia," Center for Naval Analyses, https://www.cna.org/CNA_files/centers/CNA/sppp/rsp/russia-ai/Russia Artificial-Intelligence-Autonomy-Putin-Military.pdf, May.
From page 15...
... information dominance, which ABMS seeks to overcome. For the joint community, the new approach is JADC2 serving the Joint Warfighting Concept (JWC)
From page 16...
... JADC2 is DoD's enterprise-solution to this technical and operational challenge and "envisions providing a cloud-like environment for the Joint Force to share intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance data, transmitting across many communications networks, to enable faster decision-making."26 Further more, it seeks to reimagine headquarter elements such as Air Operations Centers (AOCs) that are commonly removed from the operating battlespace, and empower forward-deployed combat commanders with the same situational awareness and decision-making as operations HQ.
From page 17...
... "Giving Airmen the Edge: The Promise of JADC2," 2020, Air Force Magazine, https://www.airforcemag.com/giving-airmen-theedge-the-promise-of-jadc2/, October 28. 29  See National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, 2021, Adapting to Shorter Time Cycles in the United States Air Force: Proceedings of a Workshop Series, The National Academies Press, Washington, DC.
From page 18...
... AIR OPERATIONS CENTER (AOC) Current AOC The current AOC -- with its current basic architecture originally designed at the beginning of the 21st century -- is "both an Air Force unit and a Weapon System.… [It]
From page 19...
... • Conduct component-level assessment to determine mission and overall air component operations effectiveness as required by the JFC to support the theater assessment effort. • Plan and task air mobility operations according to the theater priorities.35 As a weapon system, the current Air Operations Center -- Weapon System (AOC-WS)
From page 20...
... Katz and P Ising, 2021, "Kessel Run Deploys KRADOS to Air Operations Center," Kessel Run News, https://kesselrun.af.mil/news/Kessel-Run-Deploys-KRADOS.html, January 12.
From page 21...
... 42  Anthologized from various presentations given by DAF representatives to the Air Force ABMS Committee from March 30 to March 31, 2021. See also CRS, 2021, "Joint All-Domain Command and Control (JADC2)
From page 22...
... Air Force capabilities that have underpinned the American way of war for a generation.… In an environment that includes, but is not limited to, declining resources, aggressive global competitors, and rapid technology development and diffusion, the U.S. Air Force must accelerate change to control and exploit the air domain."45 Technological advances and emerging adversarial challenges to DAF C2 functions thus necessitate a redesign of the current AOC architecture and the supporting technologies employed to meet the demands of the new digital era.
From page 23...
... , 2020, Defense Acquisitions: Action Is Needed to Provide Clarity and Mitigate Risks of the Air Force's Planned Advanced Battle Management System, https://www.gao.gov/assets/gao-20-389.pdf, April.
From page 24...
... 52  G Reim, 2021, "USAF Secretary Asks ‘Hard Questions' of Advanced Battle Management Sys tem," Flight Global, https://www.flightglobal.com/fixed-wing/usaf-secretary-asks-hard-questions-of advanced-battle-management-system/145548.article, September 20.
From page 25...
... GAO, 2020, Defense Acquisitions: Action Is Needed to Provide Clarity and Mitigate Risks of the Air Force's Planned Advanced Battle Management System. 54  GAO, 2020, Defense Acquisitions: Action Is Needed to Provide Clarity and Mitigate Risks of the Air Force's Planned Advanced Battle Management System.
From page 26...
... R.G. Walden, 2021, "ABMS Perspectives from the Air Force Rapid Capabilities Office," Presentation to the Air Force ABMS Committee, January 22.
From page 27...
... , "weapon systems without a sound business case are at greater risk for schedule delays, cost growth, and integration issues."63 They cited several examples of related DoD programs such as the Army's Future Combat System, the Joint Tactical Radio System, and the Transformational Satellite Communications System as evidence of cancelled programs owing to immature and under-proven technologies.64 Because the Air Force has not established fixed requirements nor conducted an affordability analysis for ABMS, Congress opted to slash the Air Force 2021 ABMS budget in half, allocating only $159 million of the Air Force's $302.3 million request.65 The Secretary of the Air Force also expressed skepticism and asked for a "meaningful military capability, not just a demonstration where you show what cool thing you could do."66 This has led to the Air Force's prioritization to shift from large-scale, on-ramp experimentations to focusing on delivering specific capabilities by allocating more than one-half of its $204 million FY 2022 budget request toward acquiring airborne datalink pods that will enable the KC-46 tanker to improve data flows between the F-35s and F-22s.67 The DAF has also provided more details and specificity in its FY 2022 budget submission than in previous years 62  Y Tadjdeh, 2020, "Advanced Battle Management System Faces Headwinds," National Defense Magazine, https://www.nationaldefensemagazine.org/articles/2020/9/11/advanced-battle-management, September 11.
From page 28...
... Roper, 2020, "Advanced Battle Management System Management Construct," Memorandum for Record, Office of the Assistant Secretary of the Air Force for Acquisition, Technology, and Logistics, https:// insidedefense.com/sites/insidedefense.com/files/documents/2020/nov/11242020_abms.pdf, November 24. See also Secretary of the Air Force Public Affairs, 2020, "Air and Space Force's Acquisition Chief Ap points Rapid Capabilities Office as Integrating PEO for ABMS, Expanding from Startup Toward Rapidly Scaling Delivery Phases," Air Force News, https://www.af.mil/News/Article-Display/Article/2426286/air and-space-forces-acquisition-chief-appoints-rapid-capabilities-office-as-in/, November 24.
From page 29...
... 74  N Miknev, 2021, "ABMS Capability Release 1," Presentation to the Air Force ABMS Committee, March 30.
From page 30...
... Walden, 2021, "ABMS Perspectives from the Air Force Rapid Capabilities Office," Presentation to the Air Force ABMS Committee, January 22.
From page 31...
... 84  N.E. Mathison, 2021, "2021 C2 Summit Enhances Air Force Contribution to Joint All Domain Command and Control," Air Force News, https://www.af.mil/News/Article-Display/ Article/2476713/2021-c2-summit-enhances-air-force-contribution-to-joint-all-domain-commandand/, January 20.
From page 32...
... 88  For more on Project Convergence, see A Abadie, 2021, "Project Convergence Overview," Presentation to the Air Force ABMS Committee, January 8, and Army Futures Command, "Project Convergence," https://armyfuturescommand.com/convergence/.
From page 33...
... , plans to run PC on an annual cycle "achieving objectives from frequent experiments with technology, equipment, and solder feedback throughout the year and culminating in an annual exercise or demonstration."93 In contrast, the Navy "envisions a future fleet with manned and unmanned ships, submarines and aircraft operating in a dispersed manner and collecting a ton of data to fill in a COP -- which operational commanders could then use to, if ever needed, have the best sensor platform send targeting data to the best shooter to attack an enemy."94 Project Overmatch is the "Navy's effort to create a ‘Naval Operational Architecture' to link ships to Army and Air Force assets,"95 and employs an engineering development approach to "enable a Navy that swarms the sea, delivering synchronized lethal and nonlethal effects from near-and-far, every 89  For more on Project Overmatch, see D.W. Small, 2021, "Project Overmatch," Presentation to the Air Force ABMS Committee, March 3.
From page 34...
... 98  D.W. Small, "Project Overmatch," 2021, Presentation to the Air Force ABMS Committee, March 3.
From page 35...
... 102  See J Garamone, 2021, "Joint All-Domain Command, Control Framework Belongs to Warfight ers," DoD News, https://www.defense.gov/Explore/News/Article/Article/2427998/joint-all-domaincommand-control-framework-belongs-to-warfighters/, November 30.


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