Improving the Intelligence Community's Leveraging of the Full Science and Technology Ecosystem (2022) / Chapter Skim
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5 Leveraging the Global S&T Community
5 Leveraging the Global S&T Community
Pages 44-54
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From page 44... ...
Research and development (R&D) investment increasingly is distributed worldwide, with approximately 25 percent of global R&D funded by the United States, 20 percent by Europe, and 42 percent by Asia, including China, Japan, South Korea, and Singapore.1 Scientists are increasingly attending institutions of higher education, conducting scientific research, and pursuing careers in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM)
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From page 45... ...
In its report funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF) on fundamental research security, the JASON advisory group concluded that the benefits of international engagement far outweigh the risks.6 In academia, international research engagement includes collaborative research projects between academic researchers of different 4 National Science Board, 2020, Vision 2030, NSB-2020-15, Washington, DC, p.
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From page 46... ...
National Security Council, 1985, "National Policy on the Transfer of Scientific, Technical and Engineering Information," National Security Decision Directive-189, September 21, https://fas.org/irp/offdocs/nsdd/nsdd-189.htm. The policy was reaffirmed in a November 1, 2001, letter from Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice to Harold Brown, Co-Chair of the Center for Strategic and International Studies, and again on May 24, 2010, in a memorandum from Undersecretary of Defense Ashton Carter to the Secretaries of the Military Departments.
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From page 47... ...
The Air Force, Army, and Navy international research offices in London moved in 2020 to the Translation and Innovation Hub at Imperial College.11 The Navy also has offices in Argentina and Singapore.12 At one of its information-gathering workshops, the study committee heard from the head of ONR Global, who emphasized the importance of leveraging "smart people across the globe to work together."13 According to him, the United States needs to focus on building trusted partnerships engaging in global research networks so as to leverage global S&T expertise. In his view, "the secret sauce for building trusted partnerships and networks is to have an enduring presence." This includes building connections and trust by visiting partners' laboratories and meeting with their researchers.
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From page 48... ...
In recognition of the widespread availability of new technologies and the rapid pace at which they are developing, NATO has undertaken several steps to enhance understanding of the role of emerging and disruptive technologies and accelerate NATO's adoption of these technologies. In 2019, NATO's Defense Ministers approved an Emerging and Disruptive Technologies Roadmap to structure NATO's work in these areas.22 In 2020, NATO's secretary general created a NATO advisory group on emerging and disruptive technologies composed of 12 experts from academia and industry to advise NATO on adoption of new technologies.23 And recognizing that most new disruptive technologies are being developed by the civil sector, NATO partners with industry though the NATO Industrial Advisory Group comprising more than 5,000 companies, including small- and medium-size businesses.
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From page 49... ...
It will also explore AI workforce development and approaches to spur AI innovation and commercialization.24 The G7 also adopted a Research Compact at its 2021 Summit in Cornwall, England, to collaborate on research to respond to global challenges, increase the transparency and integrity of research, and facilitate data free flow with trust to drive innovation and advance knowledge.25 EXISTING IC S&T COOPERATION WITH FIVE EYES AND ALLIES The IC currently partners with allies and foreign intelligence and security services to leverage collective capability, data, expertise, and insights, which it considers to be force multipliers.26 In particular, the IC works closely within the Five Eyes (FVEY) framework.
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From page 50... ...
for FY 2021 contains provisions requiring federal agencies to implement disclosure requirements for grantees on all sources of research funding support. In recognition of the benefits of leveraging the S&T expertise of allies, the National Intelligence Strategy encourages the IC to cooperate with international partners and allies.34 In its report, "Rightly Scaled, Carefully Open, Infinitely Agile: Reconfiguring to Win the Innovation Race in the Intelligence Community," the House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence, Strategic Technologies and Advance Research Subcommittee35 recommended that the IC continue to use foreign intelligence relationships as a force multiplier in developing emerging technologies and engage in greater scientific and technological R&D collaboration with the FVEY, NATO, and allies.
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From page 51... ...
In addition, active participation in collaborative R&D projects would enable the IC to participate in "communities of discovery," a paradigm in which scientists from government, industry, non-profits, or academia form open collaborations that share knowledge and coordinate resources to advance scientific discoveries of collective interest.36 The IC's active participation in research collaboration of this sort would give it a seat at the table, gaining access and insight into scientific discoveries and technologies from the outset, rather than waiting until research or project results are shared publicly with non-participants. Overall, a more systematic approach to evaluate capability gaps and to evaluate how FVEY, NATO, and other multilateral and bilateral R&D partnerships could fill them, would enable both the United States and our partners to leverage comparative advantages in S&T.
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From page 52... ...
Murdick, 2020, Future Indices, Washington, DC: Center for Security and Emerging Technologies, Georgetown University, October 19, https://cset.georgetown.edu/publication/future-indices. 43 Jeffrey Reynolds, Operations Research Officer, NATO Headquarters, Supreme Allied Command Transformation, e-mail, and telecom, June 15, 2021.
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From page 53... ...
This center should take full advantage of collection opportunities, through a presence at international symposia, where potential competitors display their state-of-the-art efforts in mission-critical areas, such as semiconductors, information technology, artificial intelligence, and machine learning, quantum computing/sensing, biotechnol ogy, and other emergent fields of S&T. The committee also finds merit in the Intelligence Edge CSIS report's recommendation that line officers be empowered to directly liaise with IC open-source experts on foreign S&T.44 Of relevance is the fact that NATO's Allied Command Transformation is currently working on building its capabilities in open-source intelligence.
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