Antarctic Science Why U.S. Leadership and Investments Matter (2022) / Chapter Skim
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U.S. Science and Policy Leadership in the Antarctic
U.S. Science and Policy Leadership in the Antarctic
Pages 18-27
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From page 18... ...
as the only station at the South Pole. Many of International collaboration has been crucial to the most visionary and ambitious research advancing scientific investigation in Antarctica endeavors in Antarctica over the past 60 years and establishing the infrastructure to enable have been spearheaded and funded by the U.S.
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From page 19... ...
USAP also helps ensure adherence SCIENTIFIC ACTIVITIES to the U.S. Antarctic Conservation Act, which 19 NSF's Office of Polar Programs provides grants protects Antarctic plants, animals, and habitats; to U.S.
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From page 20... ...
This section also manages contracts with the many service providers and support • developing computer models to better personnel that enable Antarctic research, understand key aspects of Antarctic climate, including, for instance:20 ice dynamics, or ecological systems; • Incorporated Research Institutions for • analyzing existing data resources, which Seismology (IRIS) for acquisition and have been collected through ground-based management of seismological data; and remote sensing observations (aided by the USAP Data Center, which documents, • UNAVCO for assisting with Earth science– preserves, and disseminates research results related instrumentation, equipment, and datasets)
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From page 21... ...
Completed in 1957, the station was upgraded in temporary field camps across the continent and 1975 and 2008. aboard ships sailing around the Southern Ocean and Antarctic coast.
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From page 22... ...
Louis. Researchers deploy a float off the side of the research vessel Nathaniel Antarctic diving activity.
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From page 23... ...
It is made by filling crevasses and levelling snow to allow caravans of tractors and platforms mounted on runners that can carry vital supplies to the South Pole. In addition to cargo space, these caravans include living quarters for the drivers making the arduous journey.
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From page 24... ...
The governance structures in the interest of all mankind that Antarctica that maintain Antarctica's role as a scientific shall continue forever to be used exclusively preserve for all of humanity rely on strong for peaceful purposes and shall not become the mutual collaboration among nations. Given the scene or object of international discord." The enormous challenges of working in Antarctica, Treaty has three main stipulations surrounding sharing expenses and expertise across countries the use of Antarctica: no military presence, no is crucial to enabling ambitious research commercial mining activities, and no nuclear programs to advance science.
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From page 25... ...
• Educational resources for classrooms and informal Participating nations have established several learning environments such as museums, zoos, other bodies within the Antarctic Treaty System aquariums, and national parks,23 including to deal with particular areas of focus. Established resources developed as part of particular polar in 1982, the Commission on the Conservation research projects.24 of Antarctic Marine Living Resources is an ecosystem-based fisheries management • Biological Adaptations to Environmental Change, organization that regulates targeted fishing, which sponsors early career scientists to gain protects related and dependent species, and hands-on experience in Antarctic field research.
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From page 26... ...
Kliment Ohridski D85 Skiway camp Juan Carlos I Gondwana Luis Guillermo Mann Melchior Jang Bogo Browning Pass Brown Mario Zucchelli Talos Dome President Gabriel International Gonzalez Videla Enigma Lake Field Camp Yelcho Cap Prud'homme Peninsula Byers Decepcion Palmer Dumont d'Urville Gabriel de Castilla Leningradskaya Vernadsky Map of the research stations operated by different countries in Antarctica. SOURCE: The Council of Managers of National Antarctic Programs.
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From page 27... ...
,28 formed in 1988, brings and about the Antarctic and the Southern Ocean, and together representatives of 31 National Antarctic Programs provides objective scientific advice to governing bodies to "develop and promote best practice in managing the and other organizations, including the Antarctic Treaty support of scientific research in Antarctica." COMNAP System, the United Nations Framework Convention on serves as a forum to improve the effectiveness of scientific Climate Change, and the International Panel on Climate activities in Antarctica in a safe and environmentally Change. A centerpiece of SCAR's work, the international responsible manner; facilitates and promotes international "Scientific Research Programmes" run for 6-year cycles.
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