Use of Smart Work Zone Technologies for Improving Work Zone Safety (2022) / Chapter Skim
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Pages 227-272
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State Title Reference Summary - Mitigating Work Zone Safety and Mobility Challenges Through Intelligent Transportation Systems: Case Studies Ullman and Schroeder 2014 Presents four case studies to demonstrate the implementation of ITS to improve safety and mobility in work zones. Guidance is provided on the use of systems engineering to effectively implement ITS at other work zones.
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State Title Reference Summary Arizona Smart Work Zone (SWZ) Technical Concept Study: Phase No.
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Table E-2. Summary of existing DOT guidance and standards for smart work zone technologies.
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State Title Reference Summary Georgia Standard Specifications for Construction of Transportation Systems (Sections 632 Portable Changeable Message Signs, 937 Vehicle Detection Systems, 940 NaviGator Advanced Transportation Management System) Georgia DOT 2021 Lists restrictions and recommendations of PCMSs.
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State Title Reference Summary Minnesota Use This Flow Chart to Assist with ITS/IWZ System Deployments System Planning Minnesota DOT n.d. Flowchart for planning, deployment, integration, monitoring, and troubleshooting of smart work zone technologies.
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State Title Reference Summary Minnesota Long Term Typical Applications (Intelligent Work Zone) Minnesota DOT 2021b Provides typical application drawings for various smart work zone technologies.
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State Title Reference Summary Pennsylvania Specifications (Sections 901 Maintenance and Protection of Traffic During Construction, 1200 Intelligent Transportation System) Pennsylvania DOT 2020b Provides a detailed overview of the maintenance and protection of traffic during construction.
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State Title Reference Summary Wisconsin Standard Specifications (Sections 643 Traffic Control, 661 Temporary Traffic Control) Wisconsin DOT 2021 Provides information regarding the operation and installation of traffic control devices.
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Table E-3. Summary of existing literature for traveler information systems.
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State Title Reference Summary Kansas Kansas Demonstration Project: The Use of Smart Work Zone Technology During Construction of the I-35 / Homestead Lane Interchange in Johnson County Bledsoe et al. 2014 Performed economic evaluation for use of PCMSs for construction of new interchange on I-35.
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State Title Reference Summary Michigan MDOT/ATLAS Identifying Potential Work Zone Countermeasures Using Connected-Vehicle and Driving Data Misra et al. 2018 Investigated work zone countermeasures with the potential for implementation with vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I)
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State Title Reference Summary Rhode Island Assessing the Message Design on Variable Message Signs in Mitigating the Bottleneck Issue at Work Zones Messina et al. 2012 Evaluated the effectiveness of potential textual and graphical variable message sign (VMS)
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State Title Reference Summary Wisconsin A Smartphone-Based Prototype System for Incident/Work Zone Management Driven by CrowdSourced Data Liu et al. 2015 Developed a prototype smartphone app to supplement the 511 system to provide traffic information for work zones using crowdsourcing data.
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Table E-4. Summary of existing guidance and standards for traveler information systems.
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State Title Reference Summary Maryland Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices for Streets and Highways (Section 6F.60 Portable Changeable Message Signs) Maryland State Highway Administration 2011 PCMSs shall be visible from at least 0.5 mile and legible from a minimum of 900 feet under both day and night conditions for state-owned roads.
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State Title Reference Summary Oregon Portable Changeable Message Sign Handbook (2nd Edition) King and McCrea 2018 Provides basic guidance on the setup, delineation, and use of PCMSs.
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Table E-5. Summary of existing literature, guidance, and standards for queue warning systems.
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State Title Reference Summary Minnesota Development of a Queue Warning System Utilizing ATM Infrastructure System Development and FieldTesting Hourdos et al. 2017 Developed two queue detection systems using the intelligent lane control signals of an existing Active Traffic Management (ATM)
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State Title Reference Summary Tennessee Protect the Queue Tennessee DOT n.d. Provides overview of Tennessee DOT's Protect the Queue program, including public outreach video.
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State Title Reference Summary Texas Safety Effects of Portable End-ofQueue Warning System Deployments at Texas Work Zones Ullman et al. 2016 Evaluated an end of queue warning system containing PCMSs and portable rumble strips.
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Table E-6. Summary of existing literature, guidance, and standards for dynamic lane merge.
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State Title Reference Summary - The Dynamic Merge: Using Traffic Volume Based Signing to Improve Workzone Throughput Weaver et al. 2019 Evaluated impacts of traffic volume and dynamic merge messaging on merge location and throughput using a driving simulator in the Washington, DC, area.
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State Title Reference Summary Kansas Dynamic Late Lane Merge System (DLLMS) Kansas DOT 2016a Evaluation of dynamic lane merge on US-69 in Overland Park, Kansas.
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State Title Reference Summary Rhode Island Assessing the Effectiveness of a Portable Dynamic Lane Merging System at Work Zones Reinker et al. 2015 Field evaluation of a portable dynamic lane merge system at three unique work zones.
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Table E-7. Summary of existing literature, guidance, and standards for work zone speed control technologies.
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State Title Reference Summary Maryland Optimal Variable Speed Limit Control System for Freeway Work Zone Operations Yang et al. 2017 Developed model for VSL control on freeway work zones which seeks to limit the difference between actual and ideal speeds.
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State Title Reference Summary North Carolina Guidelines for Work Zone Variable Speed Limits for NC Highway Construction and Maintenance Activities on High Speed Facilities North Carolina DOT 2011 Presents the guidelines for establishing a highway work zone VSL in North Carolina. VSLs can only be used at a "spot location" in shortduration work zones where the existing speed limit is 65 mph or greater.
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State Title Reference Summary South Carolina Development and Evaluation of Speed-Activated Sign to Reduce Speeds in Work Zones Mattox et al. 2007 Developed and evaluated a low-cost, speed-activated sign at a variety of work zones in South Carolina.
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State Title Reference Summary Virginia Work Zone Variable Speed Limit Systems: Effectiveness and System Design Issues Fudula and Fontaine 2010 Evaluated VSL using a simulated model of I-495 in Virginia. As long as the road was not too substantially over capacity, the system showed the potential to improve both safety and traffic operations, provided the control algorithm was well designed and the signs were properly placed.
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Table E-8. Summary of existing literature, guidance, and standards for work zone data collection technologies.
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State Title Reference Summary - Work Zone Data Exchange (WZDx)
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Table E-9. Summary of existing literature, guidance, and standards for work zone location technologies.
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Table E-10. Summary of existing literature, guidance, and standards for work zone intrusion and proximity alert systems.
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State Title Reference Summary - Closed Course Performance Testing of a Work Zone Intrusion Alarm System Theiss et al. 2018 Tested a newly developed model of work zone intrusion alarm system featuring a wearable component at a closed course.
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State Title Reference Summary California Development of New Kinds of Mobile Safety Barriers Burkett et al. 2009 Includes summary of work zone intrusion alarm systems.
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State Title Reference Summary Minnesota Visual Warning System for Worker Safety on Roadside Workzones Banaeiyan et al. 2016 Tested prototype system using Dedicated Short Range Communications (DSRC)
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State Title Reference Summary Oregon Work Zone Intrusion Alert Technologies: Assessment and Practical Guidance Gambatese et al. 2017 Evaluated use of work zone intrusion alarms through consultation with practitioners and evaluations in controlled and field environments.
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Table E-11. Summary of existing literature, guidance, and standards for notification of construction equipment entering or exiting.
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Table E-12. Summary of existing literature, guidance, and standards for other smart work zone technologies.
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State Title Reference Summary Minnesota Development of a Navigation System Using Smartphone and Bluetooth Technologies to Help the Visually Impaired Navigate Work Zones Safely Liao 2014 Developed a prototype smartphone app meant to provide vibratory alerts and auditory messages to visually impaired pedestrians to help them navigate through a work zone. Performed system validation in the field, but research results indicated that additional testing with users is required.
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State Title Reference Summary Oregon Evaluation of a Mobile Work Zone Barrier System Gambatese and Tymvios 2013 Evaluated mobile work zone barrier system through six case studies with six performance metrics. Results showed that the system could help improve worker safety and work zone mobility.
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Table E-13. Summary of existing literature and guidance for performance measures.
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State Title Reference Summary Illinois Work Zone Safety Performance on Illinois State Routes Schattler et al. 2020 Evaluated work zone safety performance measures in Illinois to better quantify crash rates with respect to exposure, developed safety performance functions (SPFs)
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State Title Reference Summary Virginia Utilizing Probe-Vehicle Data for Work Zone Mobility FHWA 2019b Provides overview of Virginia DOT practices for using performance measures obtained from probe vehicles to assess work zone mobility. Virginia Considerations for the Development of Work Zone Mobility Performance Measures and Thresholds for Virginia Freeways Fontaine et al.
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F-1 A P P E N D I X F Examples of FHWA and DOT Tools for Assessing Smart Work Zone Technologies During the Planning Phase
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(1 = project menu bar, 2 = project workflow toolbar, 3 = step navigator, 4 = main input window, 5 = project dashboard) Source: Schroeder et al.
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