Practices for Balancing Safety Investments in a Comprehensive Safety Program (2022) / Chapter Skim
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From page 8... ...
8 This chapter provides an overview of the literature review findings on various HSIP practices reported in both the published literature and online sources that relate to the scope of the synthesis. The literature includes pertinent information from 36 state HSIP manuals as well as additional state HSIP annual reports and FHWA guides related to state HSIP and roadway safety management programs.
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Literature Review 9 system. The quantitative approaches range from traditional methods, such as crash frequency and crash rate, to more rigorous and contemporary methods from the HSM that account for regression to the mean and traffic volume [e.g., level of service of safety (LOSS)
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10 Practices for Balancing Safety Investments in a Comprehensive Safety Program on local roads. Similar variations allow the more data-intensive methods to be used on any roads for which enough data are available, regardless of state/local designation.
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Literature Review 11 Specifically, only five state DOTs do not specify a systemic method on the state system, and only six do not specify a systemic method on the local system. For those state DOTs that do have a documented systemic approach, most identify systemic projects through some combination of identifying focus crash types, facility types, and risk factors; screening and prioritizing candidate locations; and selecting low-cost systemic countermeasures.
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12 Practices for Balancing Safety Investments in a Comprehensive Safety Program methodologies to prioritize route segments based on predicted safety performance, and finally implements targeted improvements while minimizing right-of-way (ROW) and utility conflicts.
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Literature Review 13 countermeasure and then apply it to all eligible locations based on the roadway characteristics but not necessarily on a systemic risk-based analysis (e.g., paving unpaved shoulders, installing median barrier on divided highways that currently do not have a median barrier, or installing shoulder rumble strips on all rural roads with paved shoulders greater than 5 ft)
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14 Practices for Balancing Safety Investments in a Comprehensive Safety Program Florida uses net present value when it is desired to select projects with higher benefits than the one with the greatest benefit-cost ratio. Florida also uses net present value in combination with benefitcost ratio to select an eligible alternative that meets the needs of all stakeholders while still advancing the goals of the HSIP.
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Literature Review 15 separate funds for districts (two state DOTs)
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16 Practices for Balancing Safety Investments in a Comprehensive Safety Program • Iowa: Iowa creates a $2 million set-aside of HSIP funds each fiscal year for the HSIP Secondary Program, which replaces the historic High-Risk Rural Roads (HRRR) Program.
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Literature Review 17 Source: Kentucky Department of Transportation (11)
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18 Practices for Balancing Safety Investments in a Comprehensive Safety Program between the emphasis areas identified in the Transportation Safety Action Plan (TSAP) based on the proportion of the fatal and serious injury crashes occurring within those categories within the previous 5 years.
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Literature Review 19 proportions, empirical Bayes (EB) before–after study design, or experimental before–after study design, as shown in Table 5.
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20 Practices for Balancing Safety Investments in a Comprehensive Safety Program selection, several state DOTs select from a list of preapproved countermeasures. There are several variations of systemic approaches in practice, including the following: • In-house tools or methodology (32 state DOTs)
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