Structural Racism and Rigorous Models of Social Inequity Proceedings of a Workshop (2022) / Chapter Skim
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Pages 32-39
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From page 32... ...
Obermeyer pointed out that decision-making cur rently depends on radiologists' perspectives. Guidelines for receiving a life-transforming knee replacement, for example, are based on both the severity of knee pain and the severity of knee disease; by inserting the algorithm's prediction of severity to make this decision instead of relying on the radiologist's assessment, the fraction of Black people eligible for knee replacement doubled.
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From page 33... ...
Less than 20 of these projects used historical, machine learning, or experimental approaches, suggesting that these methods are significantly underused in the study of systemic racism and health. Further more, Takeuchi reported, only a small number of the funded projects on racism focused on Indigenous peoples, Asian Americans, Native Hawaiians, and Pacific Islanders.
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From page 34... ...
Small-Rodriguez emphasized the value of creating a tribal data standard in the United States, which would enable increased opportunities with comparative data. Furthermore, she pointed out that the United States has never conducted a national survey of Indigenous peoples, unlike its peer countries.
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From page 35... ...
He also highlighted the importance of key language distinctions related to structural racism; for example, mistrust is based on intuition, and distrust is based on experiences. He stressed the value of choosing words carefully when engaging in structural racism research -- for example, distrust better frames conversations about Native populations' feelings toward the dominant population than mistrust.
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From page 36... ...
. Adkins-Jackson presented strategies for combatting structural racism using mixed methods.
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From page 37... ...
Reflecting on the concepts that support perspectives about phenomena, she observed that many people have a positivist perspective -- that is, a fixed, objective reality that can be understood through logic and reasoning. However, she posited that if knowledge is cocreated, multiple truths will arise with no fixed destination; therefore, a social constructivist perspective facilitates an understanding of the meaning derived from these multiple truths, as well as a particular phenomenon's impact on a community, which is the desired measurement in structural racism research.
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From page 38... ...
Acknowledging the presence of Indigenous peoples, Johnson-Jennings explained, demands recognition of the objectification, enslavement, mar ginalization, oppression, and genocide they have experienced. The erasure of "the problem of Indigenous people" has been both systematic and purpose ful: historical attacks (e.g., massacres, warfare, illegal steriliza tion)
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From page 39... ...
. The historical trauma of this structural racism within Indigenous communities can be understood as the "cumulative emotional and psychological wounding over the lifespan and across generations, emanating from massive group trauma experiences" (see Brave Heart, 1998, 1999, 2003)
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