Skip to main content

Currently Skimming:

Summary
Pages 1-7

The Chapter Skim interface presents what we've algorithmically identified as the most significant single chunk of text within every page in the chapter.
Select key terms on the right to highlight them within pages of the chapter.


From page 1...
... NSF is carrying out a variety of space weather efforts housed in multiple NSF directorates; for example, the Directorate of Geosciences supports the Coupling, Energetics, and Dynamics of Atmospheric 1  National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, 2021, Planning the Future Space Weather Operations and Research Infrastructure: Proceedings of a Workshop, Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, https://doi.org/10.17226/26128.
From page 2...
... It mandated the establishment of a Space Weather Interagency Working Group to coordinate executive branch actions to improve understanding and prediction of space weather phenomena, and a Space Weather Advisory Group to receive advice from academia, the commercial sector, and space weather end users. In addition, the National Academies' Space Weather Roundtable and NASA's Space Weather Council help support communication and coordination among the agencies in the space weather effort.
From page 3...
... However, there are significant challenges in reaching this objective, including the availability of the required observations, the level of scientific understanding of processes that underlie space weather phenomena, and the intrinsic time scales of the processes themselves.3 RESEARCH NEEDS Space weather lies at the intersection of the natural space environment (object of fundamental scientific research) and hazards to human systems and technology (addressed by operational communities interested in engineering risk mitigation)
From page 4...
... These considerations point to the following detailed research needs: • Tracking the entire system: The NASA gap analysis report lists top observational priorities: solar and solar wind observations, including observations off the Sun–Earth line and the solar wind near Earth; plasma sheet electron and ion injections/bursts from the magnetotail into geosynchronous orbit and medium earth orbit regions; ring current and radiation belt electron acceleration pro cesses; ionospheric and thermospheric key parameters; and ionospheric D- and E-region energetic particle precipitation as well as E- and F-region cusp and auroral region precipitation. • Understanding global couplings: Significant efforts are being devoted to finding ways to couple regimes (e.g., solar wind to magnetosphere)
From page 5...
... As the need is to acquire simultaneous observations from as many locations as possible, data buys from private companies operating instruments onboard commercial satellites offer a potential solution for some of the data sparsity issues, assuming that the required instruments and data products would be available. The space weather community is becoming increasingly multidisciplinary, as optimal use of new methods, such as ensemble modeling, data assimilation, or machine learning, requires bringing in experts from computer science, Earth sciences, space technology, and other fields.
From page 6...
... Commercial data buys have the potential to produce new data products at substantially lower cost and on a faster schedule than existing contractual mechanisms, as launch services, data services, spacecraft systems, and operations are all becoming more commoditized. Moreover, the space weather research community could greatly benefit from gaining access to already existing infrastructure instead of building new infrastructure.
From page 7...
... • Observing solar wind heavy ion composition: Knowledge about the heavy ion composition of the solar wind is a significant gap in current in situ plasma measurements. The composition measure ments are key in differentiating high-speed streams from interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs)


This material may be derived from roughly machine-read images, and so is provided only to facilitate research.
More information on Chapter Skim is available.