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Pages 64-74

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From page 64...
... A Klesman, 2019, "This Supermassive Black Hole Sends Jets Ricocheting Through Its Galaxy," Astronomy February 18, https://astronomy.com/news/2019/02/this-supermassive-black hole-sends-jets-ricocheting-through-its-galaxy.
From page 65...
... Notably, relativistic electron temperatures can now be produced and measured in subrelativistic laserplasma experiments, suggesting great promise for breakthroughs in laboratory astrophysics.4 Conclusion: There is a great opportunity for discovering the behavior of HED matter in extreme fields, including radiation and velocity as well as temperature and density. Opportunity: Nuclear Reactivities in HED Matter Astrophysically relevant nuclear reactions are just now beginning to be studied using inertial confinement fusion (ICF)
From page 66...
... h i n H i In g h Section E n e r g3, y we Density Science ust be emphasized that the pyc- estimate the fusion rate by WKB method and show ction itself is generally accepted that the pycnonuclear reactions might be observable general acceptance has not been in an experiment. In Section 4, we show the fusion ffects to which it has been asso- rate is further enhanced by electron screenings.
From page 67...
... Donna Strickland and Gerard Mourou received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2018 for their development of chirped pulse amplification.
From page 68...
... (See sections "Site Visits of High Energy Density Science National Laboratories," "Additional Input-Gathering ­Sessions," and "­Requests Sent to National Laboratories" in Appendixes E and F.) Addi­tionally, the committee's leading recommendation on the topic of HED science career pathways is at the core of the message developed throughout this chapter: Leading Recommendation: To enhance career pathways for high energy ­density science research at NNSA facilities, the NNSA should (1)
From page 69...
... and other professional societies, user-group meetings, and collabora tions with NNSA laboratory scientists. Focus on Programmatic Work Once they are pursuing research in HED science, students perceive it as an exciting field with broad possibilities, due to scientific novelty, Grand Challenges, and the ability to work with teams of experimentalists, theoreticians, and computer scientists.
From page 70...
... In turn, achieving the Grand Challenge of robust, reproducible, laboratory-based nuclear fusion will open new vistas in the field of HED science, allowing researchers to create new extremes of densities, temperatures, and radiation fields in controlled and predictable ways. The National Nuclear Security Administration's invest ments in this domain are already yielding important returns as demonstrated, for example, by recent breakthroughs in ICF energy output.
From page 71...
... , and APS offer numerous resources, for example. In short, there is an opportunity to build a diverse, equitable, inclusive, HED science workforce through an improved workplace climate.
From page 72...
... implement and ensure achievement of these DEIA goals. CURRENT SUPPORT FOR RESEARCH AND EDUCATION Several programs provide opportunities and funding for students and faculty to engage with HED science at NNSA laboratories: • Department of Energy (DOE)
From page 73...
... Participants review the culture inventory reports, so that they fully understand what behav iors the laboratory is trying to change and why. It is helpful to talk about scenarios experienced by the participants, and as such, participants are asked to provide or bring examples of situa tions in which people were behaving inappropriately.
From page 74...
... NATIONAL LABORATORIES AND HIGH ENERGY DENSITY FACILITIES AT EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS While the NNSA national laboratories and related HED facilities are not all educational institutions by design, their internships, mentorships, outreach, and collaborations with university departments are key components of (1) develop ing career pathways for HED science and (2)


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