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From page 137...
... 137   This chapter describes the transportation initiatives that can be used to foster FELUs. The purpose of this chapter is to familiarize planners and stakeholders with various initiatives that they can consider implementing to improve the efficiency of freight and reduce the externalities of the freight system.
From page 138...
... 138 Planning Freight-Efficient Land Uses: Methodology, Strategies, and Tools Figure 23. Transportation initiatives.
From page 139...
... Overview of Transportation Initiatives 139   Initiative T1: Ring Roads This initiative seeks to shift through-trucks that would otherwise travel through the city to ring roads in the urban periphery. Ring roads only work if they lead to cost savings to the carriers; without proper land-use planning, they can create excess sprawl, and they require large capital investments, elaborate needs assessments, and impact analyses.
From page 140...
... 140 Planning Freight-Efficient Land Uses: Methodology, Strategies, and Tools be more significant if the development were located inside the city itself, where goods can be transported by cleaner modes (e.g., electric trucks and cargo bikes)
From page 141...
... Overview of Transportation Initiatives 141   relatively low load factors will instead transfer their loads to a neutral carrier that consolidates the cargo and conducts the last leg of the deliveries. The carriers pay the UCC operator a fee per delivery made, and save money by not having to make the final leg of the delivery themselves (Holguín-Veras et al.
From page 142...
... 142 Planning Freight-Efficient Land Uses: Methodology, Strategies, and Tools Initiative T8: Acceleration and Deceleration Lanes Designed to accommodate the acceleration and deceleration profile of trucks, these improvements allow trucks to seamlessly merge into traffic. State and local agencies have made efforts to deal with issues arising from the increase of truck traffic (Douglas 2003)
From page 143...
... Overview of Transportation Initiatives 143   Ring Roads Description: The construction of bypasses (high speed ring roads, or beltways) is used to move through-trucks to the periphery of the urban area.
From page 144...
... 144 Planning Freight-Efficient Land Uses: Methodology, Strategies, and Tools New and Upgraded Infrastructure (a) New and Upgraded Roads Description: Enhance the geometric design and physical characteristics of current roadways.
From page 145...
... Overview of Transportation Initiatives 145   (b) New and Upgraded Railways Description: Construct new rail lines or upgrades to existing rail lines.
From page 146...
... 146 Planning Freight-Efficient Land Uses: Methodology, Strategies, and Tools (c) New and Upgraded Intermodal Terminals Description: Use or construct terminals and other transfer facilities to move freight between trucks and other modes of transportation.
From page 147...
... Overview of Transportation Initiatives 147   (d) New and Upgraded Railroad Grade Separations Description: Construct railroad grade separations.
From page 148...
... 148 Planning Freight-Efficient Land Uses: Methodology, Strategies, and Tools Multimodal Logistics Developments Description: Multimodal Logistics Developments allow access of more than one mode of transportation, support convenient transfer between modes, and encourage the use of larger capacity transportation modes. These developments may include other uses, such as sorting and warehousing.
From page 149...
... Overview of Transportation Initiatives 149   Freight Cluster Development Description: Concentrate freight-intensive facilities, such as distribution centers, manufacturers, truck terminals, and intermodal facilities into a single location, typically at the urban fringe, to provide efficiency and economies of scale. Cluster development is a common land-use approach that consolidates a single type of activity in an area to reduce that activity's negative impacts on other areas, such as residential developments.
From page 150...
... 150 Planning Freight-Efficient Land Uses: Methodology, Strategies, and Tools Multistory Logistics Developments Description: Multistory logistics developments are vertically expanded warehouses used for logistics. These developments can save land space and make use of vacant vertical space.
From page 151...
... Overview of Transportation Initiatives 151   Urban Consolidation Centers Description: UCCs are logistics facilities that aim to reduce truck traffic within a target area by consolidating cargo. The cargo is consolidated at the facility, which is in proximity to the target area, and the last leg of the delivery is performed by a neutral carrier.
From page 152...
... 152 Planning Freight-Efficient Land Uses: Methodology, Strategies, and Tools Urban Distribution Centers Description: Urban distribution centers for last-mile deliveries are located in or nearby dense areas in central locations. They can be located either off-street (e.g., within buildings or garages, or on sidewalks)
From page 153...
... Overview of Transportation Initiatives 153   Acceleration and Deceleration Lanes Description: This initiative involves improvements to infrastructure designed to accommodate trucks' technical acceleration and deceleration specifications, especially when merging into traffic at intersections, interchanges, ramps, highways, and at traffic signals. Targeted mode: All traffic Geographic scope: Corridor Type of initiative: Infrastructure Management: Minor Improvements Primary objective: Improve inadequate infrastructure Expected costs and level of effort to implement: The planning process should involve multiple stakeholders to account for the impacts and benefits of acceleration and deceleration lanes.
From page 154...
... 154 Planning Freight-Efficient Land Uses: Methodology, Strategies, and Tools Removal of Geometric Constraints at Intersections Description: This initiative involves improvements to the geometric design at intersections to better accommodate trucks in areas with high truck traffic and in truck routes. Targeted mode: All traffic Geographic scope: Point Type of initiative: Infrastructure Management: Minor Improvements Primary objective: Improve inadequate infrastructure and enhance safety Expected costs and level of effort to implement: A cautious cost-benefit analysis is required.
From page 155...
... Overview of Transportation Initiatives 155   Ramps for Handcarts and Forklifts Description: This initiative involves additions to urban buildings and sidewalk ramps to accommodate forklifts or small handcarts to improve the efficiency of loading and unloading truck activities. Targeted mode: Urban deliveries Geographic scope: Point Type of initiative: Infrastructure Management: Minor Improvements Primary objective: Improve inadequate infrastructure Expected costs and level of effort to implement: Effort is required to coordinate multiple stakeholders involved from planning and transportation organizations, real estate developers, and landlords to update and modify current regulations, land-use codes, and rezoning strategies.
From page 156...
... 156 Planning Freight-Efficient Land Uses: Methodology, Strategies, and Tools 9.2 Parking and Loading Areas Management City centers and business districts have limited parking availability, and freight vehicles making deliveries to these areas have to spend considerable time looking and waiting for a parking space, often resorting to double-parking (Jaller et al.
From page 157...
... Overview of Transportation Initiatives 157   studies in U.S. cities also propose other uses of curb spaces to promote freight deliveries.
From page 158...
... 158 Planning Freight-Efficient Land Uses: Methodology, Strategies, and Tools its surge of internet deliveries to households, apartment buildings, which typically were not required to provide loading docks, have become major generators of internet deliveries. Initiative T15: Upgrade Off-Street Parking Areas and Loading Docks (Joint)
From page 159...
... Overview of Transportation Initiatives 159   possible conflicts with nearby residents. Exhibit 69 summarizes essential characteristics of Initiative T17.
From page 160...
... 160 Planning Freight-Efficient Land Uses: Methodology, Strategies, and Tools Freight Parking and Loading Zones Description: Adapt existing street design and loading areas to accommodate current and future traffic and truck volumes. Parking places and loading zone-related strategies focus on designating and enforcing curbside parking, reallocating curb space, revising signage, and identifying potential freight traffic parking locations.
From page 161...
... Overview of Transportation Initiatives 161   Loading and Parking Restrictions Description: Implement parking and loading and unloading restrictions, prohibited parking on residential streets, and other time-related parking restrictions. Targeted mode: All traffic Geographic scope: Point Type of initiative: Parking and Loading Areas Management: On-Street Parking and Loading Objectives: Reduce congestion Expected costs and level of effort to implement: Multiple stakeholders may need to be involved to update current regulations, land-use codes, and rezoning strategies.
From page 162...
... 162 Planning Freight-Efcient Land Uses: Methodology, Strategies, and Tools Peak-Hour Clearways Description: Peak-hour clearways are roadway corridors defined by clearway signs at each end, where parking and standing of vehicles is prohibited during peak hours. Targeted mode: All traffic Geographic scope: Corridor Type of initiative: Parking and Loading Areas Management: On-Street Parking and Loading Primary objective: Reduce congestion Expected costs and level of effort to implement: Peak-hour clearway restrictions require careful consideration of freight movements and land use in the target area.
From page 163...
... Overview of Transportation Initiatives 163   Vehicle Parking Reservation Systems Description: This initiative allows drivers to schedule or reserve curbside parking space. Targeted mode: LTGs Geographic scope: Point Type of initiative: Parking and Loading Areas Management: On-Street Parking and Loading Primary objective: Improve inadequate infrastructure Expected costs and level of effort to implement: The planning process requires administrative and management coordination with freight carriers, shippers, and receivers; the implementation requires strict law enforcement.
From page 164...
... 164 Planning Freight-Efficient Land Uses: Methodology, Strategies, and Tools Upgrade Off-Street Parking Areas and Loading Docks Description: This is a redesign of existing parking areas and loading docks to accommodate the geometric needs of current and future freight vehicles. It may also involve redesigning the access to parking areas and docks.
From page 165...
... Overview of Transportation Initiatives 165   Truck Stops and Long-Term Parking outside Metropolitan Areas Description: There are different types of truck parking, including overnight long-haul parking, which allows drivers to rest on longer trips (usually outside or on the edges of urban areas) , and prepositioning and overnight stops for drivers near their drop-off and pickup points.
From page 166...
... 166 Planning Freight-Efficient Land Uses: Methodology, Strategies, and Tools Staging Areas Description: This initiative fosters the development or requirement of on-site off-street areas at businesses or other facilities to conduct loading, unloading, or other freight-related activities. Improving staging areas reduces systematic inefficiencies, livability issues due to freight facilities, pollution, and noise, and enhances safety.
From page 167...
... Overview of Transportation Initiatives 167   Timeshare of Parking Space Description: Schedule the use of parking spaces among and between specific carriers. This initiative includes coordinating the timing of pickups and deliveries with freight carriers, shippers, or receivers, and, in some cases, freight and passenger vehicles.
From page 168...
... 168 Planning Freight-Efficient Land Uses: Methodology, Strategies, and Tools 9.3 Vehicle-Related Strategies These initiatives seek to improve environmental conditions by fostering the use of technologies and practices that reduce the negative externalities produced by vehicles. The challenge of this type of strategy mainly relates to enforcement.
From page 169...
... Overview of Transportation Initiatives 169   Emission Standards Description: Enforce emission standards for freight vehicles, which may involve the use of electric or low emission vehicles for urban deliveries. A number of vehicle renewal programs support this type of initiative.
From page 170...
... 170 Planning Freight-Efficient Land Uses: Methodology, Strategies, and Tools Low-Noise Delivery Programs and Regulations Description: This initiative involves regulations and low-noise delivery initiatives to lessen noise pollution. Targeted mode: All traffic Geographic scope: City Type of initiative: Vehicle-Related Strategies: Standards and Programs Objectives: Promote environmental sustainability and reduce noise and pollution Expected costs and level of effort to implement: The planning process should involve extensive stakeholder engagement to analyze the private- and public-sector impacts.
From page 171...
... Overview of Transportation Initiatives 171   9.4 Traffic Management Traffic management strategies aim to improve traffic conditions using techniques from traffic engineering and control, including access restrictions, lane management, and traffic control. Initiative T21: Enhanced Traffic Impact Analysis The traditional TIA identifies and quantifies the impact of the traffic generated by new development on the surrounding road network, and determines mitigation measures to minimize the impacts on local communities and traffic, such as redesign of the impacted intersections, installation of traffic-actuated signals, and other traffic and highway engineering measures.
From page 172...
... 172 Planning Freight-Efficient Land Uses: Methodology, Strategies, and Tools congestion reduction within the target area (Qureshi et al. 2012; Holguín-Veras et al.
From page 173...
... Overview of Transportation Initiatives 173   Initiative T26: Load Factor Restrictions To reduce the number of freight trips, these restrictions require a minimum load factor (percent of truck capacity being used)
From page 174...
... 174 Planning Freight-Efficient Land Uses: Methodology, Strategies, and Tools make the bans more palatable to the business sector. Feedback to the ban in Beijing indicates that carriers are unhappy because (1)
From page 175...
... Overview of Transportation Initiatives 175   Initiative T31: Exclusive Truck Lanes Exclusive truck lanes often afford a significant improvement in truck operations, with better reliability of delivery times and lower environmental impacts and risk of accidents. Exclusive truck lanes are often adjacent to general-purpose lanes, typically separated by barriers.
From page 176...
... 176 Planning Freight-Efficient Land Uses: Methodology, Strategies, and Tools Enhanced Traffic Impact Analysis Description: Traditional TIA identifies and quantifies the impact of the traffic generated by a new development on the surrounding road network and identifies the mitigation measures needed to minimize the impacts on local communities and traffic, such as redesign of the impacted intersections, installation of traffic-actuated signals, and other traffic and highway engineering measures. Enhanced TIAs seek to broaden the scope of the tools used to mitigate traffic impacts beyond traffic and highway engineering.
From page 177...
... Overview of Transportation Initiatives 177   Vehicle Size and Weight Restrictions Description: This initiative involves restrictions to prevent vehicles of a certain weight, size (length or width) , or number of axles from using a particular road or area, often the result of concerns about the perceived congestion or traffic accidents caused by large trucks.
From page 178...
... 178 Planning Freight-Efficient Land Uses: Methodology, Strategies, and Tools Truck Routes Description: This is a special type of vehicle restriction that specifies the components of the transportation network that can be used by freight traffic; there can be multiple layers of truck routes. Truck routes are sometimes used to prevent freight vehicles from using unsuitable or sensitive routes.
From page 179...
... Overview of Transportation Initiatives 179   Engine-Related Restrictions Description: This is a special case of vehicle restriction granting access to a target area only for vehicles that meet a certain level of environmental standard. These strategies try to reduce the environmental externalities of freight traffic by fostering the use of environmentally friendly technologies.
From page 180...
... 180 Planning Freight-Efficient Land Uses: Methodology, Strategies, and Tools Low Emission Zones Description: LEZs are environmentally sensitive areas where vehicle access (both passenger and freight) is constrained.
From page 181...
... Overview of Transportation Initiatives 181   Load Factor Restrictions Description: These strategies require a minimum load factor (percent of truck capacity being used) per truck to reduce the number of freight trips entering a target area.
From page 182...
... 182 Planning Freight-Efficient Land Uses: Methodology, Strategies, and Tools Time Access Restrictions and Delivery Time Windows Description: These are strategies that restrict the times at which freight activity can take place, including delivery time windows, daytime delivery bans, or nighttime delivery bans. Targeted mode: All traffic, large trucks Geographic scope: Area Type of initiative: Traffic Management: Time Access Restrictions Primary objective: Reduce congestion and improve environmental sustainability Expected costs and level of effort to implement: Time access restrictions require planning that considers the characteristics of the area's freight movement, industries, and land use, extensive stakeholder engagement, and an assessment of both positive and negative impacts to all economic agents involved.
From page 183...
... Overview of Transportation Initiatives 183   Restricted Multiuse Lanes Description: This initiative promotes the use of available road capacity by allocating restricted lane right-of-way to trucks, buses, and, occasionally, high-occupancy vehicles. The lane usage can be (a)
From page 184...
... 184 Planning Freight-Efficient Land Uses: Methodology, Strategies, and Tools Exclusive Truck Lanes Description: Allocate restricted lane right-of-way exclusively to trucks. Targeted mode: All traffic Geographic scope: Corridor Type of initiative: Traffic Management: Traffic Control and Lane Management Primary objective: Decrease congestion Expected costs and level of effort to implement: Exclusive truck lanes require careful planning, extensive stakeholder engagement (both private and public)
From page 185...
... Overview of Transportation Initiatives 185   Traffic Control Description: These are strategies to monitor and control traffic with signs, equipment, and devices. Among the approaches used to assist truck drivers are signs that provide information about speed limits, access restrictions, loading zones, and other regulations.
From page 186...
... 186 Planning Freight-Efficient Land Uses: Methodology, Strategies, and Tools 9.5 Pricing, Incentives, and Taxation These strategies use monetary signals to achieve predefined public goals such as revenue generation, fostering the use of emerging technologies, or demand management, among many others. Pricing, incentives, and taxation can encourage the provision of adequate freight facilities to ensure that the movement of freight is not impeded.
From page 187...
... Overview of Transportation Initiatives 187   combining the power of incentives and regulations is likely to have a meaningful impact on the behavior of freight agents. The public sector can provide incentives to foster adoption of environmentally friendly vehicles or engine replacement, while charging penalties to carriers using inefficient vehicles, and regulating minimum environmental standards.
From page 188...
... 188 Planning Freight-Efficient Land Uses: Methodology, Strategies, and Tools 9.5.3 Taxation Initiative T38: Taxation Taxation is routinely used to raise revenues and foster behavior changes that will lead to public benefits. Examples include tax incentives for consumers who buy electric vehicles or for companies that use energy efficient equipment (City Ports 2005; U.S.
From page 189...
... Overview of Transportation Initiatives 189   Road Pricing Description: This initiative involves a demand management tool to reduce traffic, promote a better use of transportation capacity, and reduce environmental impacts in urban areas. Pricing revenues often are used to finance the construction and maintenance costs of urban infrastructure, and often are implemented using (electronic)
From page 190...
... 190 Planning Freight-Efficient Land Uses: Methodology, Strategies, and Tools Parking Pricing Description: This initiative involves charging for the use of curb space. Fixed rates and variable or differentiated pricing schemes are considered.
From page 191...
... Overview of Transportation Initiatives 191   Recognition and Certification Programs, and Incentives Description: Platforms are implemented to encourage and reward sustainable practices throughout the supply chain. There are three main types: comprehensive, area-specific, and award programs.
From page 192...
... 192 Planning Freight-Efficient Land Uses: Methodology, Strategies, and Tools Taxation Description: Initiatives are used to raise revenues and foster behavior changes that will lead to public benefits. Targeted mode: All traffic, large trucks Geographic scope: Nation, city Type of initiative: Pricing, Incentives, and Taxation: Taxation Primary objective: Generate revenue Expected costs and level of effort to implement: The planning process should involve extensive stakeholder engagement to analyze potential impacts.
From page 193...
... Overview of Transportation Initiatives 193   9.6 Logistics Management ITS could play a key role in increasing the efficiency and reliability of urban distribution (BESTUFS 2007)
From page 194...
... 194 Planning Freight-Efficient Land Uses: Methodology, Strategies, and Tools Dynamics Inc.
From page 195...
... Overview of Transportation Initiatives 195   regulations, and education. One important step toward the reduction of idling is truck stop electrification, and the 5-minute limitation on diesel truck idling implemented across the states (California Department of Transportation 2012)
From page 196...
... 196 Planning Freight-Efficient Land Uses: Methodology, Strategies, and Tools Real-Time Information Systems Description: RTIS are a set of technologies and strategies that monitor and manage traffic based on real-time traffic information in terms of (1) road safety, (2)
From page 197...
... Overview of Transportation Initiatives 197   Dynamic Routing Description: Dynamic routing systems are used by public authorities to enhance safety and prevent violations of access regulations. The private sector uses in-vehicle routing as part of a decision-support system to enhance the efficiency of fleet management.
From page 198...
... 198 Planning Freight-Efficient Land Uses: Methodology, Strategies, and Tools Vertical Height Detection Systems Description: VHDS detect over-height trucks moving toward road structures, warning the truck driver to avoid collision with the structure. Targeted mode: All traffic Geographic scope: City, area Type of initiative: Logistics Management: Intelligent Transportation Systems Primary objective: Reduce damage to structures by over-height vehicles Expected costs and level of effort to implement: VHDS are based on ITS; they require careful planning to consider the freight movement, road network, and land use in the area.
From page 199...
... Overview of Transportation Initiatives 199   Time-Slotting of Pickups and Deliveries at LTGs Description: Time-slotting of deliveries and pickups allows drivers to book their space before arriving at the delivery or pickup areas of LTGs. Given that LTGs are usually run by property management firms, managers are responsible for the daily operations of the facilities and they coordinate time slots, depending on the availability of the delivery or pickup area.
From page 200...
... 200 Planning Freight-Efficient Land Uses: Methodology, Strategies, and Tools Driver Training Programs Description: These programs improve deliveries by altering driver behaviors and enhancing driver competencies. Drivers' attitudes and behaviors can directly affect delivery efficiency, energy consumption, environmental impacts, and the safety of all road users.
From page 201...
... Overview of Transportation Initiatives 201   Anti-idling Programs Description: These programs reduce the pollution caused by idling truck engines. The most popular anti-idling technologies are fuel-operated coolant heaters, auxiliary power units, and truck stop electrification.
From page 202...
... 202 Planning Freight-Efficient Land Uses: Methodology, Strategies, and Tools Pickups and Deliveries to Alternate Locations Description: These strategies are based on a change of pickup and delivery destinations to either a central pickup and drop-off point or delivery lockers, instead of to homes. Staffed pickup and drop-off sites and locker banks are two complementary ways to optimize the final leg of deliveries.
From page 203...
... Overview of Transportation Initiatives 203   9.7 Freight Demand Management Negative externalities produced by freight activities are addressed in these strategies by modifying the underlying freight demand as opposed to modifying the logistics activities or vehicle traffic. Initiative T46: Voluntary Off-Hour Delivery Programs To reduce congestion and pollution during daytime hours, this program induces a shift to deliveries made during off hours (7:00 p.m.
From page 204...
... 204 Planning Freight-Efficient Land Uses: Methodology, Strategies, and Tools Initiative T48: Receiver-Led Delivery Consolidation Programs Delivery consolidation is closely related to, yet subtly different from, UCCs because it does not require the use of terminals. The deliveries are often consolidated at one of the shippers' facilities rather than at a consolidation center (Nemoto 1997)
From page 205...
... Overview of Transportation Initiatives 205   Voluntary Off-Hour Delivery Programs Description: These programs produce a shift of deliveries from regular hours (6:00 a.m.
From page 206...
... 206 Planning Freight-Efficient Land Uses: Methodology, Strategies, and Tools Staggered Work-Hour Programs Description: These programs diminish truck demand during peak periods by distributing the receiving hours throughout the day. This initiative targets receivers as the key decision-makers and seeks to convince them to spread out the reception of deliveries.
From page 207...
... Overview of Transportation Initiatives 207   Receiver-Led Delivery Consolidation Programs Description: These efforts are initiated by receivers or shippers to consolidate their deliveries. Delivery consolidation or delivery bundling programs often take place at one of the shippers' facilities rather than at a facility provided by the public sector (as opposed to a UCC)
From page 208...
... 208 Planning Freight-Efficient Land Uses: Methodology, Strategies, and Tools Mode Shift Programs Description: This initiative involves a shift of cargo flows from road to intermodal transport, using a combination of road and short sea shipping, inland waterways, rail, or tricycles. Targeted mode: Urban deliveries Geographic scope: City, area Type of initiative: Freight Demand Management: Freight Demand Primary objective: Reduce congestion Expected costs and level of effort to implement: Mode shift programs require the management and facilitation of information access and exchange among large, small, public, and private stakeholders across all business sectors and transport modes.
From page 209...
... Overview of Transportation Initiatives 209   9.8 Stakeholder Engagement Increasing the understanding of freight issues among the public sector and agency leadership, and outreach to the private sector, are the critical defining tenets of effective stakeholder engagement. The public sector cannot address freight issues without understanding the underlying phenomena involved.
From page 210...
... 210 Planning Freight-Efficient Land Uses: Methodology, Strategies, and Tools the public and private sectors. In addition to training in transportation planning, this person should have a basic background in urban design concepts, logistics, and communication skills.
From page 211...
... Overview of Transportation Initiatives 211   Initiative T58: Create and Engage Joint Freight Land-Use and Transportation Committees (Joint) Joint freight land-use and transportation committees present an ideal opportunity for landuse and freight stakeholders to discuss critical matters of interest.
From page 212...
... 212 Planning Freight-Efficient Land Uses: Methodology, Strategies, and Tools Educate Elected Officials on the Importance of FELUs Description: Elected officials are typically not trained in freight and land use, as such they may not be aware of the impact of land-use planning on freight activities. This initiative aims to create awareness among elected officials about FELU practices and their potential benefits, and the role that they can play in fostering FELU practices.
From page 213...
... Overview of Transportation Initiatives 213   Educate Practitioners on FELU Principles Description: Land-use practitioners and policymakers should be aware of the FELU principles that support their decision-making processes. Education and training programs could be designed to equip these practitioners regarding FELU principles, and how to implement and sustain them over time, for the reduction of systematic inefficiencies.
From page 214...
... 214 Planning Freight-Efficient Land Uses: Methodology, Strategies, and Tools Foster an Industry-Led Best Practices Dissemination Program Description: This initiative provides a solid foundation for private-sector engagement in sensitizing and teaching them how to conduct their activities in ways that mitigate the negative impacts produced. These best practices can be modified and improved as demanded by circumstances.
From page 215...
... Overview of Transportation Initiatives 215   Designate a Freight Person at Key Agencies Description: Designating a freight person at key agencies facilitates outreach efforts because, in time, this individual becomes the focal point of communications between the public and private sectors. In addition to training in transportation planning, the designated person should have a basic background in urban design concepts, logistics, and communication skills.
From page 216...
... 216 Planning Freight-Efficient Land Uses: Methodology, Strategies, and Tools Create a Freight Advisory Committee Description: A FAC is composed of a group of different freight stakeholders and serves as a forum in which novel solutions for urban freight problems are discussed. It is a good practice to complement the FAC input with targeted outreach efforts to receive feedback from all segments of the industry.
From page 217...
... Overview of Transportation Initiatives 217   Create a Freight Quality Partnership Description: A FQP is a voluntary partnership between private- and public-sector groups to foster the implementation of practices that ameliorate the negative impacts of freight activity. Partnerships between the public and private sectors to tackle freight problems have been growing in recent years, and there are now some very good examples in Europe, North and South America, and Japan.
From page 218...
... 218 Planning Freight-Efficient Land Uses: Methodology, Strategies, and Tools Create a Technical Advisory Committee Description: A TAC is a forum in which the public-sector staff at the various agencies with jurisdiction on subjects that impact freight activity meet to discuss freight policy. This is important in metropolitan areas, where the need for coherent public-sector coordination is the highest.
From page 219...
... Overview of Transportation Initiatives 219   Foster Public-Private Collaboration Description: This voluntary partnership between the private and public sectors fosters the implementation of landuse practices that improve the negative impacts of freight activity. Partnerships can include private technical services or the participation of the private sector in the planning process.
From page 220...
... 220 Planning Freight-Efficient Land Uses: Methodology, Strategies, and Tools Create and Engage Joint Freight Land-Use and Transportation Committees Description: Joint committees composed of land-use and freight planners provide a platform to encourage discussions and collaboration among different stakeholders. These committees provide feedback on the freight issues that arise in the land-use planning agenda, together with potential land-use plans that may impact freight activities.
From page 221...
... Overview of Transportation Initiatives 221   Create and Engage Regional Land-Use and Freight Forums Description: Multi-jurisdictional cooperation at a regional level can be encouraged through involvement in regular forums that discuss freight and land-use decisions. Overall, this initiative promotes more intensive communication among stakeholders at a regional level.
From page 222...
... 222 Planning Freight-Efficient Land Uses: Methodology, Strategies, and Tools Implement Community Engagement Programs Description: Engaging community is essential for the success of FELU programs because both freight and land-use possess conflicts to the community. Allowing for the participation of community groups in the decision-making of FELU initiatives guarantees that their implementation will meet societal needs.
From page 223...
... Overview of Transportation Initiatives 223   Foster Business Improvement Districts Description: Traditionally, BIDs are a group of local businesses and private property owners that get together for the purpose of incentivizing and improving the businesses of the district. BIDs deliver services to the community that usually go beyond the capabilities of what the public sector provides.

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