Quantitative Procedures for Designing and Operating Ferry Services (2023) / Chapter Skim
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Chapter 1 - Introduction
Chapter 1 - Introduction
Pages 2-10
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The target audience of this report includes ferry operators and transit decision makers with existing ferry services. The report assumes that its readers have a foundational understanding of the ferry industry or will reference background information in existing ferry reports.
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• Vehicle ferry: Also known as "automobile ferry" and "roll-on, roll-off ferry" ("RO-RO ferry") , a vessel (often with separated vehicle deck and passenger cabin spaces)
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Each ferry system has unique operating conditions, ridership levels, route geography, and other service characteristics that define vessel and terminal infra structure needs. However, less data and research are available for ferry planning and design than for other transportation modes, as noted in TCRP Report 165: Transit Capacity and Quality of Service Manual (TCQSM)
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Literature Review As a first step toward developing key quantitative procedures for designing and operating scheduled and fixed-route ferry transit services and facilities, the research team reviewed existing ferry studies and identified gaps in the information presented where further research or development of procedures would be needed to support informed ferry planning efforts. The gaps in information identified from the literature review are addressed in this report or are identified as topics recommended for further research in Chapter 6.
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The manual includes quantitative techniques for calculating the capacity and other operational characteristics of bus, rail, demand-responsive, and ferry transit services, as well as transit stops, stations, and terminals. Chapter 9: Ferry Transit Capacity describes aspects of ferry service, facilities, scheduling, and service planning, and provides quantitative procedures that are summarized in Table 1 of that report.
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Operators were asked to provide data on and descriptions of how their ferry systems address the following topics: • Types of data and tracking methods for ridership and terminal throughput • Methods or technologies used for fare collection and location of fare collection within the terminal • Queuing lane management and allocation of space (passengers and vehicles) • Service and schedule planning • Planning related to alternative vessel propulsion technologies • Performance metrics and targets • Long-term planning impacts of COVID-19 • Multimodal connections and impact on system capacity Five vehicle ferry operators and five passenger-only ferry operators provided responses.
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Additional terminal observations included fare collection operations, the dwell time between passenger embarking and disembarking, capacity constraint points (i.e., where queuing occurred) , and total passenger counts.
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The chapter also includes procedures for calculating capacity and best prac tices for planning and operating services. The concepts related to passenger movement and terminal design presented relate to both passenger-only and vehicle ferry services.
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Capacity Concept Description Passenger-Only Ferries Equation 1: Calculating Estimates the time needed to account Operating Margin for typical delays and longer-than average dwell times Equation 2: Passenger Boarding Station Throughput Estimates the passenger throughput of a given vessel boarding station Vehicle Ferries Equation 3: Using AEU to Applies AEUs to calculate the number Calculate Vehicle Capacity of of standard-sized vehicles that can be the Vessel carried on a vessel Equation 4: Estimating Vehicles Left Behind Estimates vehicles left behind at the terminal Equation 5: Sizing Vehicle Fare Estimates the number of toll booths Collection Facilities needed to process vehicles at a targeted rate
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