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From page 179... ... E-1 A P P E N D I X E Driving Simulator Study Details METHODOLOGICAL CONSIDERATIONS In driving simulator studies, the line between using comprehension and compliance as a measure of effectiveness is a fine one. Drivers can demonstrate their comprehension of a device by heeding its direction or advice through some driving behavior such as speed modification or lane changes. Read the entire page →
From page 180... ... E-2 Application of Dynamic Lane-Use Control: Proposed Practices 13. How do drivers interpret the various resting modes (e.g., blank, green arrow, or other) Read the entire page →
From page 181... ... Driving Simulator Study Details E-3 Table E-1. Experimental design for simulator study. Read the entire page →
From page 182... ... E-4 Application of Dynamic Lane-Use Control: Proposed Practices Table E-2. Run order of the versions in the two "drives." Run Order DRIVE_A N=15 DRIVE_B N=15 1 A A 2 G I 3 C C 4 M M 5 B D 6 E E 7 A Plus M Plus 8 F F 9 H J 10 K L Table E-3 shows the planned comparisons for the different versions of the simulator drive developed to answer the research questions of interest. Read the entire page →
From page 183... ... Driving Simulator Study Details E-5 1 2 3 4 1 mi 0 mi, key sign location -1 mi -2 mi 1 mi 0 mi, key sign location -1 mi -2 mi Version A • 1-mile spacing, 4 miles total length. • Overhead with downward diagonal yellow arrow. Read the entire page →
From page 184... ... E-6 Application of Dynamic Lane-Use Control: Proposed Practices Version B • 0.5-mi spacing, 4 miles total length. • Mix overhead and shoulder with downward diagonal yellow arrow. Read the entire page →
From page 185... ... Driving Simulator Study Details E-7 Version C • 0.5-mi spacing, 4 miles total length. • Overhead with downward diagonal yellow arrow transition. Read the entire page →
From page 186... ... E-8 Application of Dynamic Lane-Use Control: Proposed Practices 0 mi, key sign location 0 mi, key sign location 0 mi, key sign location Version K • 0.5-mile spacing, 1-mile total length. • Overhead with all green downward arrows. Read the entire page →
From page 187... ... Driving Simulator Study Details E-9 0 mi, key sign location Version G • 0.5-mile spacing, 2 miles total length. • Overhead with yellow X Read the entire page →
From page 188... ... E-10 Application of Dynamic Lane-Use Control: Proposed Practices 0 mi, key sign location Version I • 0.5-mile spacing, 2 miles total length. • Overhead with downward diagonal yellow arrow. Read the entire page →
From page 189... ... Driving Simulator Study Details E-11 0 mi, key sign location Version M • 1-mile spacing, 4 miles total length. • Overhead signs with yellow X transition. Read the entire page →
From page 190... ... E-12 Application of Dynamic Lane-Use Control: Proposed Practices Figure E-8. TTI driving simulator from REALTIME Technologies, Inc. Read the entire page →
From page 191... ... Driving Simulator Study Details E-13 Figure E-10. Example of diagonal downward arrow in the simulator. Read the entire page →
From page 192... ... E-14 Application of Dynamic Lane-Use Control: Proposed Practices including time for instruction, practice, testing, and debriefing. The protocol for the study was approved by the Texas A&M Institutional Review Board. Read the entire page →
From page 193... ... Driving Simulator Study Details E-15 Table E-4. Descriptive statistics of raw data representing the distance from the key sign when a participant changed lanes. Read the entire page →
From page 194... ... E-16 Application of Dynamic Lane-Use Control: Proposed Practices Table E-5. Number of observations completed per version. Read the entire page →
From page 195... ... Driving Simulator Study Details E-17 Table E-6. Descriptive statistics for participants who changed lanes within 0.5 mile of initial changed sign. Read the entire page →
From page 196... ... E-18 Application of Dynamic Lane-Use Control: Proposed Practices Version G Version H Average 695 ft Median 912 ft Average 1,111 ft Median 1,019 ft Lane Change Distance (ft) Negative Positive Figure E-13. Read the entire page →
From page 197... ... Driving Simulator Study Details E-19 Version I Version J Average 1,004 ft Median 1,015 ft Average 1,036 ft Median 1,021 ft Lane Change Distance (ft) Negative Positive Figure E-14. Read the entire page →
From page 198... ... E-20 Application of Dynamic Lane-Use Control: Proposed Practices Research Questions 5 and 6: Best Symbol for Lane Closure. Does One Symbol Cause Early Merges? Read the entire page →
From page 199... ... Driving Simulator Study Details E-21 Version A Version M Average 543 ft Median 498 ft Average 916 ft Median 910 ft Lane Change Distance (ft) Negative Positive Note that Version A was the first version every participant drove in the study. Read the entire page →
From page 200... ... E-22 Application of Dynamic Lane-Use Control: Proposed Practices Version A Plus Version M Plus Average 1,597 ft Median 1,770 ft Average 1,094 ft Median 1,195 ft Lane Change Distance (ft) Negative Positive Figure E-16. Read the entire page →
From page 201... ... Driving Simulator Study Details E-23 Version C Version E Average 1,367 ft Median 1,426 ft Average 1,046 ft Median 1,214 ft Lane Change Distance (ft) Negative Positive Figure E-17. Read the entire page →
From page 202... ... E-24 Application of Dynamic Lane-Use Control: Proposed Practices Research Question 7: Time Interval for Green to Yellow to Red Transition Some agencies are considering changing from OPEN to CLOSED without any yellow symbol to serve as a clearance interval. This research question was addressed with Version F, which contained no yellow symbols. Read the entire page →
From page 203... ... Driving Simulator Study Details E-25 Research Question 13. Resting State For Version L where all the signal displays were dark, no participants changed lanes. Read the entire page →
From page 204... ... E-26 Application of Dynamic Lane-Use Control: Proposed Practices Figure E-20. Comparison of Versions B and C Read the entire page →
From page 205... ... Driving Simulator Study Details E-27 Research Question 15. Longitudinal Spacing The study was designed to allow two separate comparisons to look at the effect of longitudinal spacing: Versions A versus M (Figure E-15) Read the entire page →
From page 206... ... E-28 Application of Dynamic Lane-Use Control: Proposed Practices Lane-Change Data Summary In general, the results of the driving simulator study were not as informative as the computerbased testing, and no large differences were noted between many of the versions. This could be due to the relatively low workload of the participants and low traffic volume in adjacent lanes. Read the entire page →

From page 179...

... E-1 A P P E N D I X E Driving Simulator Study Details METHODOLOGICAL CONSIDERATIONS In driving simulator studies, the line between using comprehension and compliance as a measure of effectiveness is a fine one. Drivers can demonstrate their comprehension of a device by heeding its direction or advice through some driving behavior such as speed modification or lane changes.