Mobility on Demand and Automated Driving Systems: A Framework for Public-Sector Assessment (2022) / Chapter Skim
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Pages 19-28
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19 CHAPTER 3: THE COMMODIFICATION OF TRANSPORTATION THE COMMODIFICATION OF TRANSPORTATION SECTION OVERVIEW This section discusses the commodification of transportation and answers key questions including: • What is the commodification of transportation?
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20 REPORT WHAT IS THE MOD ECOSYSTEM? MOD's broad characteristics allow it to encompass a variety of modes and enable an integrated and multimodal operations management approach that can influence the supply and demand sides of a broad transportation marketplace (Shaheen et al., 2017b)
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21 Mobility as a Service The MOD ecosystem can be supported by innovations, such as MaaS. MaaS is a multimodal transportation concept currently emerging in Europe that offers users access to a variety of MOD modes through a single platform.
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22 REPORT Policies and Regulations Policies at the federal, state, regional, and local levels can substantially impact MOD deployment and operations. Figure 6 summarizes common policy and regulatory areas that can impact MOD.
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23 REPORT Table 4. MOD Policy Areas and Examples Policy Area Description Example Health, Safety, and Consumer Protection Administrative regulations, ordinances, and laws that can require insurance, physicals, and the disclosure of factual information Requirement of microtransit riders to wear helmets Taxation Taxations and tax incentives for transportation services Tax incentives for shared rides (e.g., carpoolers)
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24 REPORT including charging stations for electric-powered MOD modes, Wi-Fi hotspots to connect travelers to internet-based MOD services, and creation of lanes (e.g., bike lanes) for shared micromobility services.
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25 REPORT navigation, and more efficiently manage traffic. Advances in wireless and mobile technologies allow travelers to access faster connections to mobility and goods delivery services.
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26 REPORT Universal Design Similar to inclusive ICT, universal design is a design paradigm focused on designing systems that are accessible and useable by the widest range of users possible. Universal design is a usercentered approach based on seven principles: 1)
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27 REPORT Connected Travelers Smartphone apps, connected vehicle technologies, and other innovations can help connected travelers (including, but not limited to pedestrians, vehicles driven by humans, vehicles driven by machines, transit riders, and bicyclists) exchange information among themselves and other elements of the transportation network.
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28 REPORT projects, will be completed in 2020. Early lessons learned from the MOD Sandbox Demonstration sites include: • Some public transit agencies liked the ability to name partners without a traditional procurement method, while others would have preferred to issue a request for proposal to solicit prospective vendors.
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