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... 1 SUMMARY Finding effective and economical non-herbicide, long-term vegetation management strategies (VMSs) to reduce the need for recurring chemical and mechanical vegetation controls has been a challenge for departments of transportation (DOTs)
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... 2 Cost and worker safety are key issues for DOTs. Material choice needs to consider a broad range of issues that weigh material and installation costs versus maintenance worker exposure in hightraffic areas.
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... 3 POLLINATORS In June 2014, the White House issued the Presidential Memorandum (PM) , "Creating a Federal Strategy to Promote the Health of Honeybees and Other Pollinators." The PM directs federal agencies to take additional steps to improve habitat for pollinators, including honeybees, native bees, birds, bats, and butterflies -- critical contributors to our nation's economy, food system, and environmental health.

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