Developing an Airport Program to Address Human Trafficking: A Guide (2023) / Chapter Skim
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Primer P A R T I
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7 This Primer provides fundamental information about the ways airports are used in human trafficking. It is intended as a stand-alone synopsis of the issue for U.S.
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8 Over the last several decades, human trafficking has emerged as a public concern, stemming in part from increased globalization and the subsequent increase in transnational criminal activity. Although human trafficking is considered a global issue, its impacts are felt in local, specific, and tangible ways.
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De ning the Nature and Scope of Human Traf cking 9 It is a common misconception that human tra cking is synonymous with sex tra cking. Accordingly, initial anti-tra cking e orts focused mainly on the sex tra cking of women and children.
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10 Developing an Airport Program to Address Human Traf cking: A Guide Figure 3. Reports to the National Human Traf cking Hotline in 2019 indicate the existence of human traf cking situations across the United States.
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11 In the U.S., there are several key pieces of federal legislation and other initiatives related to human trafficking. The TVPA, enacted in 2000, was the first national framework aimed at protecting victims of sex and labor trafficking, prosecuting traffickers, and preventing human trafficking both nationally and internationally.
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12 Airports are one of the many avenues within the transportation sector that traffickers use to conduct their illicit activities. Yet the challenges associated with quantifying the scope of labor and sex trafficking on a global or national level are only exacerbated when trying to narrow in on a specific context such as airports.
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13 Survivor Perspectives Account 1 My name is Niyah, and I was trafficked for almost eight years under the control of several different pimps. Throughout that time, I was through a lot of airports: Dallas/Fort Worth, Houston Hobby, Houston George Bush, Las Vegas, Los Angeles, Oakland, Jacksonville, Orlando, and Miami, to name the main ones.
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14 Developing an Airport Program to Address Human Traf cking: A Guide Account 1 (Continued) I think a lot about how many people probably saw that something wasn't right when I was traveling, but they didn't say anything.
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Survivor Perspectives 15 Account 2 (Continued) on our own accord." All of us were too scared to say anything.
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16 Victims of human trafficking are present at airports for a wide variety of reasons. Some may be in the presence of their traffickers, who are moving them from one location to the other, while others may be traveling of their own accord, unaware that the job opportunity at the end of their journey is not legitimate.
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Indicators of Human Traf cking at Airports 17 Figure 4. Indicators of labor and sex traf cking in an airport setting.
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18 Following are several important considerations that airport staff and stakeholders who hope to combat human trafficking in airport settings should be aware of.
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Important Considerations for Airport Staff 19 airports to engage with (9)
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20 Many employees within an airport or airline setting have a role to play in addressing human trafficking, no matter their level of authority. In fact, the customer-facing staff of the airport, airlines, concessionaires, or other tenants may be in the best position to identify and report possible cases of human trafficking.
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Roles and Responsibilities of Airport Personnel and Other Stakeholders 21 Stakeholder Function Rationale Example Roles Airport management Engage directly with airport staff and tenants or concessionaires to disseminate information; are responsible for establishing and following procedures; and coordinate resources across departments to comprehensively address human trafficking Provide strategically placed information for victims (e.g., in bathroom stalls) Initiate a public awareness campaign at the airport (e.g., public service announcements)
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22 No matter the airport size or the amount of funding available, every airport can pursue some level of action against labor and sex trafficking and help raise awareness of the issue. ACRP Project 04-24 developed a phased framework to help airports create and evolve their own programs to address human trafficking (see Figure 5)
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Developing an Airport Program to Address Human Trafficking 23 highlights relevant case studies of prior events at airports. It also discusses ways to leverage partners across the action steps and covers GA and small airport considerations.
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24 All airports are on a spectrum in terms of the actions that have been implemented toward combating human trafficking and the degree to which a comprehensive program exists. While airports may differ in these regards, there are important lessons that can be learned from examining current practices at other airports.
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Example Practices at Airports 25 28 international destinations. The Port of Seattle, which owns and operates the airport, has a comprehensive program for combating human trafficking.
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26 Airports have the opportunity to be part of the solution to human trafficking. The guide and Toolkit developed under ACRP Project 04-24 equip airports with the information and resources needed to develop tailored action plans for combating human trafficking.
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