Report on the Feasibility of Establishing a National Research and Information Center for Emergency and Disaster Medical Services (1967) / Chapter Skim
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REPORT ON THE FEASIBILITY OF ESTABLISHING A NATIONAL RESEARCH AND INFORMATIONAL CENTER FOR EMERGENCY AND DISASTER MEDICAL SERVICES by the TASK FORCE ON MEDICAL DISASTER SURVEYS of the Committee on Trauma Division of Medical Sciences National Research Council National Academy of Sciences Washington, D
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TASK FORCE ON MEDICAL DISASTER SURVEYS Francis C Jackson, M.D., Dept.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Foreword Summary I
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APPENDICES A A Sample Study of a Disaster by the Task Force B
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FOREWORD This report is a response of the Committee on Trauma of the Division of Medical Sciences, NAS-NRC, to a request of the Division of Health Mobili- zation, Public Health Service, to conduct studies on the "feasibility of establishing a national disaster medical care research center for the promotion of better medical management of casualties in disasters." In their continuing inquiry into areas of research that might contribute to reductions in morbidity and mortality following trauma, the Committees on Trauma, on Shock, and on Anesthesia have confirmed repeatedly that there is a large void in the information that arises from a single significant disaster, concerning the exact numbers injured, the extent of injuries, the efficiency of care rendered before admission to an emergency depart- ment, the quality of medical care administered, and the final outcome in terms of lasting disability. In meetings of the Committees on Shock and on Trauma and of an interim ad hoc Committee on Medical Disaster Surveys before receipt of the request for this report, it was found that, although well-tested protocols exist for study of the sociologic aspects of disasters, the response of community agencies to unexpected stress, and the appraisal of property damage, there was no model for the acquisition of data on the victims of disasters suf- ficient to appraise the rewards of expert management or the penalties of misguided, unorganized, or incompetent emergency care.
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than the desired effect in upgrading the day-to-day care of the victims of trauma. It is evident that a disaster program will not work unless optimal emergency medical services are practiced every day in every case requiring first aid, transportation, and emergency medical care.
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SUMMARY OF THE FEASIBILITY REPORT 1. Accidental injury is the cause of 6 percent of all deaths in the United States and is increasing at the rate of 2.5 percent annually.
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12. It is recommended that the following guidelines apply toward estab- lishment of a center: a.
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I. INTRODUCTION This Task Force, constituted on 23 July 1965, was directed to ascertain the feasibility of the establishment of a "national disaster medical care research center." This undertaking appeared more meaningful when, at the outset, it developed that little assessment of disaster medical services had evolved over the years.
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II. BACKGROUND AND HISTORICAL INFORMATION Accidental injury, which is currently the cause of 6 percent of all deaths in the United States, is again on the increase.
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major source of these tragedies. Although 70 percent of the fatalities occurred in accidents killing fewer than 25 people, there were 24 catastrophes (1 percent of total)
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