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From page 400... ... 400 SECTORAL PATTERNS OF TECHNOLOGY ADOPTION than costs, see labor as an asset rather than as an expense, and reduce their exposure rather than their costs by minimizing rather than maximizing the value of their long-term assets. The outlines of this new mode of production emerged in the 1980s as computing technology was rapidly diffused throughout the economy. Read the entire page →
From page 401... ... COMPUTERS AND JOBS 401 Contingent Employment This does not suggest that computers pose no employment prob- lems whatsoever. Because in the new prototypical enterprise labor is an asset rather than an expense, the level of firm employment is more stable over the course of the business cycle (thus dampening the business cycle itself) Read the entire page →
From page 402... ... 402 SECTORAL PATTERNS OF TECHNOLOGY ADOPTION To respond to the demand for skilled labor, Manpower has developed a $15 million computer program called "skillware," a self-pacing computer program that teaches recruits the basics of word-processing for nine different languages. Moreover, the company is currently developing similar skillware software for data-based management and telecommunications skills. Read the entire page →
From page 403... ... COMPUTERS AND JOBS 403 In Sum A new mode of production is emerging based on a new paradig- matic enterprise and the new computing technologies. It is re- structuring services, manufacturing, and the links between the two. Read the entire page →
From page 406... ... 406 SECTORAL PATTERNS OF TECHNOLOGY ADOPTION Figure 9B-3a. Personal Computer Growth: Retail Trade. Read the entire page →
From page 407... ... COMPUTERS AND JOBS Figure 9B-3c. Personal Computer Growth: Finance / Insurance / Real Estate. Read the entire page →
From page 408... ... 408 SECTORAL PATTERNS OF TECHNOLOGY ADOPTION Figure 9B -- 4a. Computer Systems Growth: Retail Trade. Read the entire page →
From page 409... ... COMPUTERS AND JOBS Figure 9B -- 4c. Computer Systems Growth: Finance/Insurance/Real Estate. Read the entire page →
From page 410... ... 410 SECTORAL PATTERNS OF TECHNOLOGY ADOPTION Figure 9B -- 5a. Personal Computers per Employee, 1985: Retail Trade. Read the entire page →
From page 411... ... COMPUTERS AND JOBS 411 Figure 9B-5c. Personal Computers per Employee, 1985: Finance / Insurance / Real Estate. Read the entire page →
From page 412... ... SECTORAL PATTERNS OF TECHNOLOGY ADOPTION 412 QIZ69E'Z OL¥Py6'l L66Z~Z'L 8 9 2 9 2 9 0 S80ESZY0 G6¥Z¥Z70 ZL6S8E0'O0 692"E0'0 9 P S E E T O ON4AIW Z69¥¥8'S ZOBS6S'% 6S88EZ'l 8 8 2 7 4 9 0 2 9 9 7 1 9 0 Zv8soz7'0 188660°0 2 5 6 2 1 0 0 127cez0 ANQIUW TSE0S8'9 G6EBIZZL 6yZ8Zl'l 92€669°0 EvZySr'O LEZS8I'0 6 1 7 0 9 0 0 8r0iZ0'0 ¥%996¥70'0 uo U I W s Y LyL7S8'8 OS9V07T7Z G6ELTLE'L 670969°0 660%EV'0 8SI1ZEZ70 696901'0 ¥S0970':0 650760'°0 SSJOAIU) S86L Ul juawysijge) Read the entire page →
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From page 414... ... 414 SECTORAL PATTERNS OF TECHNOLOGY ADOPTION NOTES Shifts in the rank order between the two forms of computing power highlight some dimensions of computer use in a particular sector. Thus, for example, wholesale trade ranks sixth in personal computer use but first in computer system use, suggesting that it uses comput- ers primarily for the complex tasks of inventory control, warehous- ing, booking, and ordering rather than for increasing the productiv- ity of the individual worker. Read the entire page →
From page 415... ... COMPUTERS AND JOBS 415 Dennis, M Read the entire page →
From page 419... ... 10 TECHNOLOGY, STRUCTURAL CHANGE, AND TRADE C Michael Aho For most of the postwar period, the U.S. Read the entire page →
From page 420... ... 420 TRADE, TAX, AND DIFFUSION POLICY ISSUES to rise inexorably for all, lifting large numbers of Americans from poverty. From these economic heights, Americans looked at the world with confidence. Read the entire page →

From page 400...

... 400 SECTORAL PATTERNS OF TECHNOLOGY ADOPTION than costs, see labor as an asset rather than as an expense, and reduce their exposure rather than their costs by minimizing rather than maximizing the value of their long-term assets. The outlines of this new mode of production emerged in the 1980s as computing technology was rapidly diffused throughout the economy.