Carbon Utilization Infrastructure, Markets, and Research and Development A Final Report (2024) / Chapter Skim
Currently Skimming:
11 A Comprehensive Research Agenda for CO2 and Coal Waste Utilization
11 A Comprehensive Research Agenda for CO2 and Coal Waste Utilization
Pages 403-422
The Chapter Skim interface presents what we've algorithmically identified as the most significant single chunk of text within every page in the chapter.
Select key terms on the right to highlight them within pages of the chapter.
From page 403... ...
. For coal waste utilization, there are research needs across conversion and separation processes to generate carbon-based products (e.g., construction materials, elemental carbon materials)
|
From page 404... ...
5-1 research on emerging approaches DOE-BES Applied materials reaction engineering Rec. 5-2 to carbon mineralization to DOE-ARPA-E Demonstration Energy efficiency, improve energy efficiency, process DoD electrification, and efficiency, product selectivity, and USGS alternative heating ability to scale to the gigatonne level.
|
From page 405... ...
5-4 (RD&D) activities for DOE-FECM Demonstration electrochemically driven CO2 Reactor design and mineralization under a wide range reaction engineering of electrolyte conditions, including seawater and brine.
|
From page 406... ...
technologies Recommendation 5-4: Support research, development, and demonstration for electrochemically driven CO2 mineralization under a wide range of electrolyte conditions -- The Department of Energy's (DOE's) Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, and Office of Fossil Energy and Carbon Management should support a full range of research, development, and deployment (RD&D)
|
From page 407... ...
Recommendation 6-1: Support basic research to advance CO2 to elemental carbon technologies -- Basic Energy Sciences within the Department of Energy's Office of Science and the National Science Foundation should invest in building the knowledge foundation and accelerating the maturities of the four CO2 to elemental carbon technology areas: thermochemical, electrochemical, photochemical, and plasmachemical.
|
From page 408... ...
DOE-ARPA-E reaction engineering Recommendation 6-3: Fund the development of tandem CO2 to elemental carbon technologies to maximize economic and environmental benefits -- Basic Energy Sciences within the Department of Energy's (DOE's) Office of Science, DOE's Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, and the Advanced Research Projects Agency–Energy should fund independently and/or collectively the development of tandem CO2 to elemental carbon (CTEC)
|
From page 409... ...
Recommendation 6-4: Fund research on integrated CO2 capture and conversion to elemental carbon materials to maximize economic and environmental benefits -- The Department of Energy's Office of Fossil Energy and Carbon Management, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, and the Advanced Research Projects Agency–Energy should fund research on integrated CO2 capture and conversion to elemental carbon materials, with particular consideration of technology integration and economic and environmental benefit enhancement. Chemical CO2 Conversion to Organic Products 7-A.
|
From page 410... ...
alternative heating Recommendation 7-2: Support research on integrated systems for thermochemical CO2 conversion -- The Department of Energy's Office of Fossil Energy and Carbon Management should fund applied research on integration of variable renewable energy and energy storage into efficient, heat-integrated process systems for CO2 conversion to hydrocarbon products.
|
From page 411... ...
DOE's Office of Fossil Energy and Carbon Management and Advanced Research Projects Agency–Energy should support research to enable development of improved materials, devices, and reactor design for such conversions.
|
From page 412... ...
Recommendation 7-6: Increase support for research on integrated capture and conversion of CO2 -- Basic Energy Sciences within the Department of Energy's (DOE's) Office of Science, the National Science Foundation, and DOE's Office of Fossil Energy and Carbon Management, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, and Advanced Research Projects Agency–Energy should increase support for basic and applied research into integrated CO2 capture and conversion, including discovery of molecules and materials, catalytic mechanisms, process optimization, CO2 stream purification, and reactor design.
|
From page 413... ...
The Department of Energy's (DOE's) Office of Science and the National Science Foundation should continue to support fundamental research on these topics, and DOE's Bioenergy Technologies Office, Office of Fossil Energy and Carbon Management, and Advanced Research Projects Agency–Energy should support the related applied research.
|
From page 414... ...
8-5 systems via evaluation of reactor DOE-ARPA-E Demonstration Hybrid Polymers design. DOE-FECM Reactor design and reaction engineering Recommendation 8-5: Evaluate reactor design and system integration for hybrid systems -- The Department of Energy's Bioenergy Technologies Office, Advanced Research Projects Agency–Energy, and Office of Fossil Energy and Carbon Management should support research to investigate system integration and scale up of catalysis and bioconversion.
|
From page 415... ...
9-1 methods for separating mineral DOE-FECM Applied utilization carbon products matter from carbon in coal wastes. Metal coal waste by products Recommendation 9-1: Fund mapping of coal waste resources and infrastructure development to link coal waste sites with product markets -- The Department of Energy's Office of Fossil Energy and Carbon Management (DOE-FECM)
|
From page 416... ...
Develop 3D printing media DOE-FECM Applied Coal waste Coal waste-derived Long-lived Certification and Rec. 9-2 from waste coal or coal-derived utilization -- carbon products standards materials for tooling and building long-lived product applications.
|
From page 417... ...
Geological Survey should support the characterization of solid coal wastes and coal combustion by-products. DOE's Office of Fossil Energy and Carbon Management and Advanced Research Projects Agency–Energy should fund the development of innovative physical beneficiation methods, including separation of unburned carbon and magnetic fractions in fly ashes and removal of oversized particles, novel roasting methods, and highly efficient, sustainable leaching agents and extractants for rare earth elements.
|
From page 418... ...
DOE-EERE DOE-ARPA-E DoD Recommendation 9-5: Develop novel technologies to extract critical minerals from liquid and solid coal waste streams -- The Department of Defense and the Department of Energy's (DOE's) Office of Fossil Energy and Carbon Management, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, and Advanced Research Projects Agency–Energy should fund the development of novel technologies for extracting critical materials, including rare earth and energy-relevant elements, from solid (e.g., coal combustion residuals, waste coal)
|
From page 419... ...
3-6 CO2-emissions impacts of CO2 DOE-FECM Short-lived societal considerations Rec. 3-4 utilization technologies within EPA for CO2 and coal life cycle assessments (e.g., USGS waste utilization impacts on chemical toxicity, technologies water requirements, and air quality of carbon mineralization at the gigatonne scale)
|
From page 420... ...
3-6 and tools to trace carbon across NIST Short-lived societal considerations value chains over time, including for CO2 and coal mapping of value chains, waste utilization identification of tracking methods, technologies and data collection and validation protocols. Recommendation 3-6: Implications of circularity on carbon storage -- The Department of Energy and the National Institute of Standards and Technology should support research that examines the feasibility and impacts of extending the duration of carbon storage through circularity strategies of short-lived products.
|
From page 421... ...
b. Research-conducting entities should continue to conduct social analyses to determine what consumers and communities think about the CO2 utilization sector, both in relation to and separate from the carbon management value chain, filling the gaps in knowledge about societal acceptance and potential opposition, to better understand and address the concerns of the public. These data and conclusions of this research should be shared through a centralized and broadly accessible framework.
|
From page 422... ...
NOTE: 3D = three-dimensional; AMMTO = Advanced Materials and Manufacturing Technologies Office; ARPA-E = Advanced Research Projects Agency–Energy; BER = Biological and Environmental Research; BES = Basic Energy Sciences; BETO = Bioenergy Technologies Office; DoD = Department of Defense; DOE = Department of Energy; DOT = Department of Transportation; EERE = Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy; EPA = U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; FECM = Office of Fossil Energy and Carbon Management; FHWA = Federal Highway Administration; GHG = Greenhouse Gas; GSA = General Services Administration; NSF = National Science Foundation; LCA = Life Cycle Assessment; ONR = Office of Naval Research; OSMRE = Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement; OST-R = Office of the Assistant Secretary for Research and Technology; PHMSA = Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration; TEA = Techno-Economic Assessment; USGS = U.S.
|
Key Terms
This material may be derived from roughly machine-read images, and so is provided only to facilitate research.
More
information on Chapter Skim is available.