Toxicants Occurring Naturally in Foods. (1966) / Chapter Skim
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Pages 169-189
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From page 169... ...
SEAFOOD TOXINS 159 and when poisoning becomes apparent within a few hours after inges- tion of food. Thereafter, supportive treatment, including artificial ventilation when necessary, is about all that is available.
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From page 174... ...
RICHARD L HALL Toxicants Occurring Naturally in Spices and Flavors Although historical records are lacking, spices are certainly among the first substances, after salt, that man added to his food.
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From page 175... ...
SPICES AND FLAVORS 165 stituent in question exhibits unusual features of toxicity, such as vesicant or narcotic action, carcinogenesis, or toxicity at extraordinarily low levels. Since toxicity, the capacity of a substance to cause harm, is an absolute property, there is a hazard only if the state of the organism and the conditions and levels of use permit this capacity to be realized.
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From page 176... ...
166 RICHARD L HALL can eliminate small quantities of cyanide, both by conversion to the much less toxic thiocyanate and by combination with cystine.
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From page 177... ...
SPICES AND FLAVORS 167 CH3 HC CH, I fibers of frog heart with those of atropine. They concluded that it was a depressant, acting in part by blocking of pulmonary circulation.
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From page 178... ...
168 RICHARD L HALL CH30 I treatment for a wide variety of conditions including toothache, dysen- tery, cholera, rheumatism, halitosis, and skin diseases.
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From page 179... ...
SPICES AND FLAVORS 169 eh. w uesd in food, it is an important flavoring constituent of cassie, Acacia farnesiana (L.)
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From page 180... ...
170 RICHARD L HALL Although the evidence suggested that a low safe level of use could be established, safrol and those oils of which it is the major constituent have been dropped from use because of the provision of the Food Additives Amendment of 1958 excluding from use in food, substances which, in the diet of man or experimental animals, are found to cause cancer.
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From page 181... ...
SPICES AND FLAVORS 171 One cannot avoid noting the close relationship in chemical structure between myristicin and safrol and between thujone and umbellulone. At this stage of our knowledge, it would be risky to draw conclusions from these relationships, since other substances equally closely related lack the physiological effects of those discussed here.
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From page 185... ...
SOME UNUSUAL FOODS 175 ous to men; and it was supposed that this might be because they some- times eat poison plants such as Helleborus and Conium maculatum. However, it has been only in recent times that this interesting and classic problem has been more thoroughly investigated.
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From page 187... ...
SOME UNUSUAL FOODS 177 physiological action when injected in frogs and birds was extracted, but no details were given. From about 1914 to 1933, Borsche isolated a number of constituents from the resin, all derivatives of 6-styryl-2,4-pyronone.
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From page 189... ...
SOME UNUSUAL FOODS 179 sine in the diet is toxic for mice and rats. Rats show alopecia, retarded growth, and shortened life span.
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