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Pages 85-105

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From page 85... ... Chapter 4 CAPITATION, FINANCING, AND EDUCATION COSTS The Congressional charge requested estimates of average annual education costs per student in the various health professions, and recommendations for using those costs to establish rates for capitation payments. Education costs, as presented in Chapter 3, take into account all the resources essential to an educational pro- gram for students working toward their first professional degree. Read the entire page →
From page 86... ... - In schools with one predominant type of student and small research and patient care programs, net education expenditures can be approximated by subtracting total research and patient care income from total institu- tional expenditures - Offsetting income from patient care and research are computed separately, thereby precluding a surplus in one program from covering a deficit in the other - The amount of offsetting income that is subtracted from education costs is limited to the amounts of research and patient care costs that are included in education. If there is not enough income to cover research and patient care costs unrelated to education, then net education expenditures equal education costs. Read the entire page →
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From page 88... ... Average and Range of Annual Net Education Expenditures TABLE 22 per Student by Profession, 1972-73 Profession Average Range Medicine $9,700 $5,150 - -- $14,150 Osteopathy 7,000 6,350 - 7,800 Dentistry 7,400 5,050 - 13,400 Optometry 3,100 2,550 - 3,400 Pharmacy 3,050 1,600 - 4,950 Veterinary Medicine 5,550 4,300 - 7,750 Nurs ing Baccalaureate 2,450 1,200 - 4,050 Associate 1,650 1,050 = 2,150 Diploma 1,500 4OO = 2,550 NOTE: Dollars rounded to nearest $50. Read the entire page →
From page 89... ... Capitation and Financial Stability of Schools A principal objective of the 1971 Comprehensive Health Manpower Training Act and the Nurse Training Act of 1971 was to provide finan- Cial support for education in health professional schools by means of a capitation grant for each full-time student. Federal aid pro- grams for health manpower have long recognized a dependence between the health care delivery system and the performance of the schools in providing for national health manpower needs. Read the entire page →
From page 90... ... "TL6T JO O y BuTutTeyy, _ Jemoduey] UL TReyH e A T s u e y e u d u o g ey} JO ¢74/, UOCTIOaG U a p u n p e z T u c y y N e st w e u s o u d u e s s s a q s t p T e T o u e u T s euysq °896T JO joy Jemoduey U T e e H e u \| JO ZLL UuoT}OeSg U e p u N p e z t u o u j n e w e u s o u d juewds yooeford eyy jo ywred se p e p n T o u T atem s u e s poou T e T o u P U u T J / e "sTooyuos ButTsunu Joy p e p t a c u d jou atem e e d : ZION Surtuue "EL6T SweiskS UCT}EUTPI0OD pue TUUPTg U S U S Z e U R , UOJ U C T e M I O J U T ‘sjUeIDg YoOTeesey JO UOCTSTATC * Read the entire page →
From page 91... ... states may also increase their authority over those schools in such matters as accepting out-of-state students or limiting the geographic mobility of new graduates.* This runs counter to the concept of health professional schools as a national resource and could encour- age wasteful duplication of educational facilities in states that previously relied on other jurisdictions for a steady supply of health professional graduates. Read the entire page →
From page 92... ... TABLE 24 Capitation as a Percent of Total Income amd Education Income by Profession, 1972-73 Capitation Capitation as a ercent of as a percent of Profession total incame a/ education income Medicine 1-8 5-18 Osteopathy 3-20 8-45 Dentistry 11-25 13-34 Optometry 9-16 13-18 Pharmacy 3-35 b/ 6-38 Podiatry 8-16 12-18 Veterinary Medicine 0-4 c/ 0-7 c/ Nursing ~ 7 Baccalaureate 0-21 0-21 Associate 0-23 0-21 Diploma 0-10 0-48 a/Total income includes the amount of capitation awarded by HEW in 1972-73, not the amount spent and reported by the schools in their financial state- ments. b/If the two schools with the highest percentages are omitted from the pharmacy sample, the range becomes 5 to 23 percent. Read the entire page →
From page 93... ... amounted to more than 30 percent of education income.* There was no Significant difference between public and private schools of any pro- fession in the percentage of education income covered by capitation funds. Read the entire page →
From page 94... ... "E€L-2L6T UL S p r e m M e uoT}eITdeO PaATedaI STOOYHS PUNTAIp eaTeaM} JO Jno eATZ ATUO BOUTS ‘STOOUOS SATI e s a UOJ esateae oy sjuesoudey 2 ° € L Z L 6 T UT PTeMe u o T I e A T d e O Aue s A T e D e I JOU PTp s u e d d o u d s e u s e p ajeToOOSse ZYsTa Jo n o uMo0j/P ‘ j U e T e A T N b s j U e p n i s Jag /o " E L Z L 6 T UT PTemMe u o t e T d e o Aue s A T e D a I JOU PTP ToOoYDS 9uC/q * "SSPTO S u T } e n p e d s ay U T S j U e p N { s 3sy U O J epeu preme uot e I T d e o QOOSh$ SUX J O S T J a r OF S 0 N S S Z S SUA UeYR USUjeEU Spasn USaq seu 0G8* Read the entire page →
From page 95... ... average annual net education expenditures also is shown in Table 25. Even though the actual awards include bonus amounts, in no profession did the appropriated funds approximate the authorized levels. Read the entire page →
From page 96... ... ‘jUeTPATNbe juepnys ueg/d * "SSPTO S u T } e n p e d d ey} UT S J U E p N { s o y dos opeu preme uot eyTdeo ONS hs aU JOSeTFeA OF * Read the entire page →
From page 97... ... * sqUBIB uoTIeTdeo OTseq BY O2 UOTIIPpe UT SQUBLB WUSUTTTONIA snuog sepnToUT jUNaMe pezrucU{Ne sTUL/P °(¢) Read the entire page →
From page 98... ... - The study group recommends that capitation not encourage one length of curriculum over another in any one profession.* Capitation Grants and Education Objectives Present legislation ties receipt of capitation grants to expand- ed enrollments, and enrollments have increased considerably in re- sponse to this and earlier legislative stimuli. Read the entire page →
From page 99... ... of the future supply of health professionals,* and considerable dispute on how to calculate these supply figures, the study group concludes that capitation grants should require institutions to maintain existing enrollments, but not require expansion. Read the entire page →
From page 100... ... - The study group recommends that a mechanism be established in the Federal executive and legis- lative branches to coordinate the implementation of any financing policy for health professional education. Read the entire page →
From page 101... ... Chapter 5 MEDICINE This study's examination of medical education and its costs is primarily concerned with the first four years of a physician's pro- fessional training. Education toward the first professional degree, however, is only the beginning for most physicians, who go on to internships and residencies in some of the same settings that con- tributed to their clinical knowledge before the M.D. Read the entire page →
From page 102... ... TABLE 28 Number of Physicians per 100,000 Population for Selected Years, 1968-71 Number per 100,000 Professional status 1968 1963 1970 1971 Total 154 156 159 163 \| FF Sea 2s wa Active Civilian 130 132 134 137 Patient Care 96 97 100 102 Interns/residents 20 22 22 23 Other 14 13 12 12 Active Federal 14 14 15 15 Inactive 10 10 110 11 SOURCE: National Center for Health Statistics, Health Resources Statistics: Health Manpower and Heath Factltttes 1972-73, DHEW, NO. Read the entire page →
From page 103... ... population's access to health care. This would suggest an increased need for medical manpower, but predictions of physician supply and demand have varied greatly and recent appraisals by Federal officials have ranged from warnings of an oversupply of M.D.s to continuing projections of a shortage. Read the entire page →
From page 104... ... TABLE 80 Number and Increase in M.D. Graduates by Source, for Selected Years, 1965-1976 Increase in M.D. Read the entire page →
From page 105... ... - Biomedical research and other sponsored programs for which expenditures by all the schools in 1972 amounted to more than $1l-billion - Patient care, which in 1972 constituted about 20 percent of the nation's total of hospital-based services and amounted to nearly $7-billion in health care expenditures. The wide differences among the schools in size of faculty, en- rollments and patterns of expenditures are shown in Table 3l. Read the entire page →

From page 85...

... Chapter 4 CAPITATION, FINANCING, AND EDUCATION COSTS The Congressional charge requested estimates of average annual education costs per student in the various health professions, and recommendations for using those costs to establish rates for capitation payments. Education costs, as presented in Chapter 3, take into account all the resources essential to an educational pro- gram for students working toward their first professional degree.