A Guide to Applying the Safe System Approach to Transportation Planning, Design, and Operations (2025) / Chapter Skim
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1 Background of the Safe System
1 Background of the Safe System
Pages 3-9
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and ethical ones (e.g., death and serious injury are unacceptable) and comprises the following safety elements: safe road users, safe vehicles, safe speeds, safe roads, post-crash care (Vision Zero Network 2023; FHWA 2019a)
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. Ideally, over time, safety professionals and partners will keep the "Ultimate Safe System" concept in mind and increasingly institute strate gies and practices that reliably protect road users from harm: "In road transport, the Ultimate Safe System is one in which road users cannot be killed or seriously injured regardless of their behavior or the behavior of other road users" (Soames Job, Truong, and Sakashita 2022)
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Strategy: Design around human tolerances to crash forces. Practices: Installing permanent barrier-protected bike lanes on arterial roads; Installing cable barriers on the edges and in the medians of rural roads.
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They are designed to enhance visibility of vulnerable road users with direct vision, lane keeping, and automated emergency braking, among other safety features. Safe speeds are aligned with known human tolerances to closing/impact speed forces, varying speeds by the road and land-use contexts, as well as road-user mix.
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. It would benefit road safety professionals and researchers to develop a holistic understanding of their community's road trauma patterns and injury contributors, as well as timely feedback on the safety risks and performance of implemented countermeasures.
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An example policy strategy is to advance adaptive safety policies rather than inflexible ones. An example planning strategy is to replace forecasting with backcasting.
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An example follows: Safety is proactive (principle) , leads to a base design on known human tolerances to crash forces (design strategy)
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