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1. Overview and Major Recommendations
Pages 1-4

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From page 1...
... At that time, despite evidence from early experiments that modification of either total food intake or some dietary components could influence carcinogenesis, the possibility that diet per se was a significant factor in human cancer was still considered remote. Then epidemiologists linked the incidence of several common cancers, e.g., breast cancer, with certain general dietary patterns.
From page 2...
... Nevertheless, it may be desirable to plan the research on diet and cancer in a logical but flexible conceptual framework that could encompass all the sources of data, i.e., surveys to monitor exposure, epidemiological studies, carcinogenesis bioassays in animals, short-term tests for genotoxicity, short-term in vivo bioassays to detect early biological indicators of carcinogenesis, and studies designed to elucidate metabolic pathways or pathogenic mechanisms. After completing an assessment of the literature in 1982, the Committee on Diet, Nutrition, and Cancer concluded that 'the differences in the rates at which various cancers occur in different human populations are often correlated with differences in diet.
From page 3...
... These were saturated and unsaturated fat; certain fruits, vegetables, and whole grain cereals; smoked, cured, and pickled foods; and alcoholic beverages. The committee recommends that when the epidemiological and experimental evidence associating particular dietary components with cancer risk is sufficiently convincing, studies should be undertaken to identify the specific active constituents and their mechanisms of action.
From page 4...
... Intervention studies should be conducted using foods or food constituents believed to be associated with a lower cancer risk, but only when a substantial body of data indicates a high likelihood of benefit without discernible risk. For example, attention might be given to reducing the consumption of fat and/or adding specific fiber components to the diet (see Chapter 6)


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