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9 Prevention of Obesity
Pages 152-162

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From page 152...
... weight changes during follow-up, and how obtained (e.g., self-report or actual measurement)
From page 153...
... APPLICATION OF COMMITTEE'S CRITERIA 151 product of our expert committee based on the scientific research available and collective judgment, and we put them forward to generate discussion and action. It is our hope and expectation that the recommendations in this chapter will evolve and be acted upon based on such discussions, on assessment of the outcomes of the activities they generate, and on future research.
From page 154...
... The results of more limited and focused efforts at prevention, described later in this chapter, have hardly been more successful. These facts led a recent review to conclude that "we have not been able to prevent obesity in the past and we do not have the tools to do better in the future" (Stunkard, in press)
From page 155...
... This IOM report reviews existing classification systems for preventive interventions for physical illness. The familiar public health classification system designates three types of prevention: primary, secondary, and tertiary.
From page 156...
... This terminology identifies three types of prevention: universal, selective, and indicated prevention. Each category represents a population group, rather than a disorder or disease state, to whom preventive Interventions are directed.
From page 157...
... emphasizes the importance of the school environment, pointing out that more than 95 percent of American youth aged 5-17 are enrolled in school and that children eat one to two meals per day there. Most school-based prevention programs include nutrition education and exercise components.
From page 158...
... Universal programs can be classified into two broad categories: (1) preventive education and skills targeted toward individuals (e.g., programs in various settings designed to enhance nutritional knowledge and increase physical activity, thereby informing the public about the nature of weight change so that uninvolved and unaffected people can avoid negative or adverse consequences)
From page 159...
... emphasizes the importance of the school environment, pointing out that more than 95 percent of American youth aged 5-17 are enrolled in school and that children eat one to two meals per day there. Most school-based prevention programs include nutrition education and exercise components.
From page 160...
... However, since not everyone who diets or attends a commercial program is obese, many overweight, nonobese people are involved in these programs. In the face of data showing high relapse rates in follow-ups of commercial diet programs, some programs now Reemphasize fixed dietary weight-loss goals in favor of a more balanced, lifestyle-change program focusing, for example, on healthier eating habits, exercise, and maintenance of weight loss (see Table 3-1~.
From page 161...
... Personal high-risk factors for obesity include predispositional factors at the individual level (e.g., family history of obesity or non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and low resting metabolic rate) , personal eating habits and physical activity (e.g., a high-fat diet coupled with a sedentary lifestyle)
From page 162...
... However, since not everyone who diets or attends a commercial program is obese, many overweight, nonobese people are involved in these programs. In the face of data showing high relapse rates in follow-ups of commercial diet programs, some programs now Reemphasize fixed dietary weight-loss goals in favor of a more balanced, lifestyle-change program focusing, for example, on healthier eating habits, exercise, and maintenance of weight loss (see Table 3-1~.


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