Weighing the Options Criteria for Evaluating Weight-Management Programs (1995) / Chapter Skim
Currently Skimming:
3 Programs for and Approaches to Treating Obesity
3 Programs for and Approaches to Treating Obesity
Pages 64-90
The Chapter Skim interface presents what we've algorithmically identified as the most significant single chunk of text within every page in the chapter.
Select key terms on the right to highlight them within pages of the chapter.
From page 64... ...
These approaches include diet, physical activity, behavior modification, drug therapy, and gastric surgery.
|
From page 65... ...
Many popular weight-loss centers offer advice on nutrition, physical activity, and behavior modification, which is provided at weekly classes or meetings. Specific outcomes of any of these programs are unknown, since little or no published data are available (Stunkard, 1992~.
|
From page 66... ...
SELF Pl? OGRAAdIS Overeaters Anonymous (OA)
|
From page 67... ...
Uses award programs for healthy lifestyle changes; special recognition given to best weight losers. Members who maintain their goal weight loss for 3 months become members of KOPS (Keep Off Pounds Sensibly)
|
From page 68... ...
Weekly meetings cost 50 cents to $1. Healthy Lifestyle Components No official lifestyle or exercise recommendations, but endorses slow, permanent lifestyle changes.
|
From page 69... ...
Uses award programs for healthy lifestyle changes; special recognition given to best weight losers. Members who maintain their goal weight loss for 3 months become members of KOPS (Keep Off Pounds Sensibly)
|
From page 70... ...
Weekly meetings cost 50 cents to $1. Healthy Lifestyle Components No official lifestyle or exercise recommendations, but endorses slow, permanent lifestyle changes.
|
From page 71... ...
Staff Clients consult with nonprofessional counselors who typically are program graduates trained by Diet Center. Two staff R.D.s and scientific advisors made up of a variety of health professionals design program at corporate level.
|
From page 72... ...
Jenny Craig cuisine costs average $70 weekly. Healthy Lifestyle Components Clients use program guides to learn cognitive behavioral techniques for relapse prevention and problem management for lifestyle changes.
|
From page 73... ...
Healthy Lifestyle Components Recommends every client burn a minimum of 2,000 kcal in physical activity weekly.
|
From page 74... ...
Personal Cuisine prices vary, averaging about $70 weekly. Healthy Lifestyle Components Emphasizes making positive lifestyle changes, including regular exercise.
|
From page 75... ...
Healthy Lifestyle Components Recommends every client burn a minimum of 2,000 kcal in physical activity weekly.
|
From page 76... ...
Comments Individualized care and close contact with health professionals. Must rely on company products during the Reducing Phase of VLCD program.
|
From page 77... ...
Costs may be covered by insurance. Healthy Lifestyle Components The Medifast program includes a comprehensive education program called LifeStyles that includes behavior modification, recommended physical activity, and nutrition education.
|
From page 78... ...
Comments Individualized care and close contact with health professionals. Must rely on company products during the Reducing Phase of VLCD program.
|
From page 79... ...
Exercise physiologist available to help design personal exercise plan. Comments Close contact with health professionals.
|
From page 80... ...
Cost may be reduced by reimbursement from health-insurance companies and avoidance of duplication of services in referrals for medical care by nonprofessional programs. Healthy Lifestyle Components Varies with the physician and weight-loss approach.
|
From page 81... ...
Personalized approach to clients' health concerns. Trained health professionals who can address medical history and account for it in diet therapy, if necessary.
|
From page 82... ...
They are medically supervised and administered by a multidisciplinary team including physicians, behavioral therapists, dietitians, exercise physiologists, and nurses. The most common VLCDs are formulations designed to supply 45-100 grams (0.8-1.5 g/kg of ideal body weight)
|
From page 83... ...
Obesity treatment programs should include a systematically planned and integrated physical activity intervention in order to develop a lifestyle change associated with increased physical activity and thus energy expenditure. Behavior Modification Behavior modification is a methodology aimed at helping individuals identify the idiosyncratic problems and barriers interfering with their weight loss and management.
|
From page 84... ...
Goldstein and Potvin recommend that future research focus on identifying subgroups of individuals who are responsive and unresponsive to specific drugs. If one compares obesity to other chronic diseases such as hypertension and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, obesity treatments should also include the option of using medication for periods longer than 6 months.
|
From page 85... ...
Obesity treatment programs should include a systematically planned and integrated physical activity intervention in order to develop a lifestyle change associated with increased physical activity and thus energy expenditure. Behavior Modification Behavior modification is a methodology aimed at helping individuals identify the idiosyncratic problems and barriers interfering with their weight loss and management.
|
From page 86... ...
In sharp contrast to antihypertensives and lipid-lowering drugs, anti-obesity drugs are expected to work for most obese patients independent of the etiology of the disease. Furthermore, there is an expectation that drugs will continue to lower body weight until a desirable weight is reached and will maintain the weight loss even after the drug is discontinued (Atkinson and Hubbard, 1994)
|
From page 88... ...
Gastric Surgery Because of its unique nature, the special requirements of participating patients, and the characteristics of the services implied in this type of program, the surgical treatment of obesity is a special subcategory of clinical programs. Two proven surgical procedures exist for the treatment of severe and very severe obesity: vertical banded gastroplasty and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.
|
From page 89... ...
Research on anti-obesity drugs has been hindered by fears of the abuse potential of these medications and previous indiscriminate prescription of these drugs by some physicians (Atkinson and Hubbard, 1994)
|
From page 90... ...
Gastric Surgery Because of its unique nature, the special requirements of participating patients, and the characteristics of the services implied in this type of program, the surgical treatment of obesity is a special subcategory of clinical programs. Two proven surgical procedures exist for the treatment of severe and very severe obesity: vertical banded gastroplasty and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.
|
Key Terms
This material may be derived from roughly machine-read images, and so is provided only to facilitate research.
More
information on Chapter Skim is available.