Virtual Reality Scientific and Technological Challenges (1995) / Chapter Skim
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10 Networking and Communications
10 Networking and Communications
Pages 362-372
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From page 362... ...
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Ames Research Center is examining the use of VE to control robot explorers. Scientists at the Monterey Bay Research Institute are integrating such diverse technologies as computer simulations, robotics, and NIE with a sophisticated undersea local-area network to explore the nation's newest marine sanctuary.
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From page 363... ...
It is anticipated that, in the future, high-speed networks will allow VE systems to take advantage of distributed resources, including shared databases, multimedia sources, and processors, by providing the required computational power for building the most demanding applications. High-speed networks will provide VE applications with access to huge datasets generated by space probes, dynamic climatic information from weather models, and real-time imaging systems such as ultrasound.
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From page 364... ...
Sonet is a U.S. and international standard for optical signals; it is the synchronous frame structure for multiplexed digital traffic and the operating procedure for fiber optic switching and transmission systems.
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From page 365... ...
Bell Atlantic, a regional phone carrier, is conducting tests in its employees' homes of a system that delivers movies over the telephone line. The Regional Bell Operating Companies recently proposed to the Clinton administration a plan to rewire the local loop with fiber optic cable within 10 years in exchange for permission to enter the information services market and manufacture telecommunications equipment.
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From page 366... ...
In addition IEEE has established a working group that issued a final draft of a standard, the Integrated Services LAN Interface, which defines a LAN that carries voice, data, and video traffic over unshielded twisted pair wires. The high-performance parallel interface (HPPI)
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From page 367... ...
Latency also becomes a major concern. Much as a jet aircraft can be severely damaged by a small bird, short delays can cause major disruptions for high-speed networks and N7E applications that demand real-time performance.
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From page 368... ...
as networked applications like NIE demand a host of integrated network services, such as multicast support and resource information for dynamic bandwidth allocation. BEN has also developed dead-reckoning techniques to abstract data from simulators, thus reducing the communications loads on the network (Miller et al., 1989~.
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From page 369... ...
COMMUNICATIONS SOFTWARE Communications software passes changes in the virtual world model to other players on the network and allows the entry of previously undescribed players into the system. It is quite easy to exceed the capabilities of a single workstation when constructing a virtual world, especially if one expects multiple players in that world.
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From page 370... ...
The hardware communications medium was Ethernet and a gateway machine to a T1 WAN. There are additional players in the development of networked virtual environments; a good source is the Networked Virtual Environments and Teleoperation special issue of Presence (1994~.
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From page 371... ...
Fourth, network hardware technology is evolving so rapidly that standards are in flux, and we are currently at risk of having them set by the large entertainment conglomerates. At the present time, there is only one governmental effort in network standard setting, the DIS packet format, IEEE standard 1278 and this standard can be considered a stopgap.
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From page 372... ...
A critical ingredient in the development of large-scale networks for VE is the interest of the entertainment industry in introducing fete computer and interactive video games into the home. To date, cooperative financial arrangements have been made between manufacturers of video games and large corporations already in the telecommunications business.
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