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Glossary
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From page 266... ... Glossary ALT: alaninaminotransferase, an enzyme present in liver cells and a marker of liver injury when present in quantity in the blood amylase: an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of starch into smaller molecules ascites: retention of fluid in the abdomen AST: aspartate aminotransferase, an enzyme present in liver cells and a marker of liver injury when present in quantity in the blood AZT: zidovudine, formerly known as azidothymidine, a synthetic thymidine analog that inhibits the human immunodeficiency virus that causes AIDS CAH: chronic active hepatitis CFR: Code of Federal Regulations cholangiolitis: inflammation of cholangioles, one of the fine terminal elements of the bile duct system cholestasis: stoppage or suppression of the flow of bile, having intrahepatic or extrahepatic causes chorioretinitis: inflammation of the choroid and retina choroid: the thin, pigmented, vascular coat of the eye; it furnishes the blood supply to the retina and conducts arteries and nerves to the anterior structures cirrhosis: liver disease characterized pathologically by loss of the normal microscopic lobular architecture, with fibrosis and nodular regeneration CMV: cytomegalovirus, a pathogen that causes chronic disease in immunocompromised but not immunocompetent patients coagulation: the process of clot formation CRF: clinical report form, used to record patient data, in summary form, in clinical trials TIC: dideoxycytidine, a nucleoside analog used in the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus infection Offs: dideoxyinosine, a nucleoside analog used in the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus infection didanosine: ddI encephalopathy: any degenerative disease of the brain 266 Read the entire page →
From page 267... ... prior to normalization of liver enzymes, frequently associated with clearance of hepatitis B virus from the liver Gilbert's syndrome: an inborn error of bilirubin metabolism, probably autosomal dominant, a benign elevation of unconjugated bilirubin with no liver damage or hematologic abnormalities gIomerulonephritis: a variety of nephritis (inflammation of the kidney) characterized by inflammation of the capillary loops in the glomeruli of the kidney half-life: the time that it takes for the concentration of drug in plasma or the amount of drug in the body to be reduced by 50 percent HBV: hepatitis B virus HCC: hepatocellular carcinoma HCV: hepatitis C virus hepatic steatosis: fatty deposits in the liver hepatocellular steatosis: fatty deposits within or around hepatocytes hepatocyte: a parenchymal liver cell, an essential element of the organ hepatotoxicity: the quality or property of exerting a destructive or poisonous effect liver cells HIV: human immunodeficiency virus hyperbilirubinemia: excessive concentrations of bilirubin in the blood, which may lead to � ~ Jaunc .lce hypoalbuminemia: an abnormally low albumin content of the blood H3X-MC-PPPA: FlAU study conducted on f~ve hepatitis B virus-positive subjects at the New England and Galveston sites, sponsored by Eli I:,illy. Read the entire page →
From page 268... ... that become incorporated into the viral DNA as the virus divides, inhibiting and interrupting this replicative machinery NIAID: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases NIDDK: National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases OAl (Official Action Indicated) letter: from the Office of Compliance of the Food and Drug Administration to investigators and/or sponsors intending to warn them of an impending action and that requires a response within 15 working days OPPR: Office for Protection from Research Risks pancreatitis: inflammation of the pancreas pancytopenia: deficiency of all cell elements of the blood; aplastic anemia pathogen: a specific cause (bacterium or virus) Read the entire page →
From page 269... ... SOOT: serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase; older term for AST SGPT: serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase; older term for ALT steatosis: fatty deposits subcutaneous: under the skin thrombocytopenia: decrease in the number of blood platelets transaminase: aminotransferase; class of enzymes present in serum and in various body tissues, especially in the heart and liver and released into the serum as a result of tissue � � 1nJury VAl (Voluntary Action Indicated) letter: from the Office of Compliance of the Food and Drug Administration that requests a response from the investigators anchor sponsors within 30 working days of receipt with a proposal for correcting or preventing future problems or deviations varices: an enlarged and tortuous vein, artery, or lymphatic vessel VZV: varicella-zoster virus WHV: woodchuck hepatitis virus zidovudine: azidothymidine (AZT) Read the entire page →

From page 266...

... Glossary ALT: alaninaminotransferase, an enzyme present in liver cells and a marker of liver injury when present in quantity in the blood amylase: an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of starch into smaller molecules ascites: retention of fluid in the abdomen AST: aspartate aminotransferase, an enzyme present in liver cells and a marker of liver injury when present in quantity in the blood AZT: zidovudine, formerly known as azidothymidine, a synthetic thymidine analog that inhibits the human immunodeficiency virus that causes AIDS CAH: chronic active hepatitis CFR: Code of Federal Regulations cholangiolitis: inflammation of cholangioles, one of the fine terminal elements of the bile duct system cholestasis: stoppage or suppression of the flow of bile, having intrahepatic or extrahepatic causes chorioretinitis: inflammation of the choroid and retina choroid: the thin, pigmented, vascular coat of the eye; it furnishes the blood supply to the retina and conducts arteries and nerves to the anterior structures cirrhosis: liver disease characterized pathologically by loss of the normal microscopic lobular architecture, with fibrosis and nodular regeneration CMV: cytomegalovirus, a pathogen that causes chronic disease in immunocompromised but not immunocompetent patients coagulation: the process of clot formation CRF: clinical report form, used to record patient data, in summary form, in clinical trials TIC: dideoxycytidine, a nucleoside analog used in the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus infection Offs: dideoxyinosine, a nucleoside analog used in the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus infection didanosine: ddI encephalopathy: any degenerative disease of the brain 266

Read the entire page →

From page 267...

... prior to normalization of liver enzymes, frequently associated with clearance of hepatitis B virus from the liver Gilbert's syndrome: an inborn error of bilirubin metabolism, probably autosomal dominant, a benign elevation of unconjugated bilirubin with no liver damage or hematologic abnormalities gIomerulonephritis: a variety of nephritis (inflammation of the kidney) characterized by inflammation of the capillary loops in the glomeruli of the kidney half-life: the time that it takes for the concentration of drug in plasma or the amount of drug in the body to be reduced by 50 percent HBV: hepatitis B virus HCC: hepatocellular carcinoma HCV: hepatitis C virus hepatic steatosis: fatty deposits in the liver hepatocellular steatosis: fatty deposits within or around hepatocytes hepatocyte: a parenchymal liver cell, an essential element of the organ hepatotoxicity: the quality or property of exerting a destructive or poisonous effect liver cells HIV: human immunodeficiency virus hyperbilirubinemia: excessive concentrations of bilirubin in the blood, which may lead to � ~ Jaunc .lce hypoalbuminemia: an abnormally low albumin content of the blood H3X-MC-PPPA: FlAU study conducted on f~ve hepatitis B virus-positive subjects at the New England and Galveston sites, sponsored by Eli I:,illy.

Read the entire page →

From page 268...

... that become incorporated into the viral DNA as the virus divides, inhibiting and interrupting this replicative machinery NIAID: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases NIDDK: National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases OAl (Official Action Indicated) letter: from the Office of Compliance of the Food and Drug Administration to investigators and/or sponsors intending to warn them of an impending action and that requires a response within 15 working days OPPR: Office for Protection from Research Risks pancreatitis: inflammation of the pancreas pancytopenia: deficiency of all cell elements of the blood; aplastic anemia pathogen: a specific cause (bacterium or virus)

Read the entire page →

From page 269...

... SOOT: serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase; older term for AST SGPT: serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase; older term for ALT steatosis: fatty deposits subcutaneous: under the skin thrombocytopenia: decrease in the number of blood platelets transaminase: aminotransferase; class of enzymes present in serum and in various body tissues, especially in the heart and liver and released into the serum as a result of tissue � � 1nJury VAl (Voluntary Action Indicated) letter: from the Office of Compliance of the Food and Drug Administration that requests a response from the investigators anchor sponsors within 30 working days of receipt with a proposal for correcting or preventing future problems or deviations varices: an enlarged and tortuous vein, artery, or lymphatic vessel VZV: varicella-zoster virus WHV: woodchuck hepatitis virus zidovudine: azidothymidine (AZT)

Read the entire page →

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Glossary Pages 266-269

Glossary
Pages 266-269