The Best Intentions Unintended Pregnancy and the Well-Being of Children and Families (1995) / Chapter Skim
Currently Skimming:
F Summaries of Evaluated Programs
F Summaries of Evaluated Programs
Pages 311-337
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From page 311... ...
Program: The Community of Caring program operated at 16 sites nationwide and targeted pregnant and parenting adolescents between the ages of 13 and 19. It was designed to help the teenager to have a healthy pregnancy, learn how to care for the baby, complete her education, and/or become employed.
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As compared to the control group, men in the intervention group were more likely to be knowledgeable about contraception, sexually transmitted diseases, and pregnancy, although there were no differences in use of contraception. Receiving
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ELMIRA NI) RSE HOME VISITING PROGRAM Summary: Comprehensive program of prenatal and postpartum infancy nurse home visitation for low-income women bearing their first child.
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From page 314... ...
This program was initiated in several communities in Utah among young adolescents who were not likely to have already initiated sexual intercourse. Evaluation: Using an experimental design, 548 families were randomly assigned to receive either the videotapes and a newsletter, the videotapes alone, or no videotapes or newsletter.
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From page 315... ...
Taking Care of Business, the third component, uses the life options model to target adolescents ages 15-17 and focuses both on the delay of sexual intercourse and on contraceptive use. The fourth component, Health Bridge, is patterned on the school-linked health clinic model, including access to reproductive health services and contraceptives.
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From page 316... ...
Evaluation results indicated that significantly fewer Growing Together participants began sexual intercourse during the follow-up period. There was no difference in rates of initiation of sexual intercourse among Will Power/Won't Power participants and controls.
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1979; 49:81-88. McCABE CENTER Summary: Alternative public school for pregnant students providing prenatal and postnatal education, with an emphasis on delaying rapid repeat pregnancy.
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From page 318... ...
The researchers note that "the most surprising finding in this study was that relatively brief postnatal intervention with new adolescent mothers significantly reduced their likelihood of subsequent childbearing over the next five years." They suggest that the critical period is the second month following the birth of the child, in that this typically marks the end of the postnatal recovery period and sexual activity often then resumes. Primary References: O'Sullivan A, Jacobson B
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From page 319... ...
Phase I focused on education, career exploration and pre-employment skills, parenting, life skills, and family planning (including arranging visits to family planning providers) , and phase II centered on skills training, work experience, and job placement assistance.
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From page 320... ...
New York, NY: Manpower Demonstration Research Corporation; September 1994. 1~ OUNCE OF PREVENTION ~JND'S PARENTS TOO SOON PROGRAM Summary: Statewide program for pregnant and parenting adolescents using home visiting and parent groups.
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1992;24:66-71, 96. POSTPONING SEXUAL INVOLVEMENT Summary: School-based curriculum encouraging middle school students to delay initiation of sexual intercourse in combination with a human sexuality and contraception component.
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1990;22:21-26. PROJECT REDIRECTION Summary: Comprehensive demonstration program targeting pregnant and parenting adolescents age 17 or younger, including an employment-orientation component.
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PROJECT TAKING CHARGE Summary: School-based program combining abstinence-only sexuality education and vocational education. Program: This school-based program combined sexuality education and vocational education, targeting low-income seventh-grade students and their parents at three sites around the country (Wilmington, DE; West Point, MS; and fronton, OH)
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From page 324... ...
at both 6 and 18 months of follow-up. Significantly fewer intervention students had initiated sexual intercourse by the 18-month follow-up (p < 0.05~.
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From page 325... ...
Study participants received a 1-hour reproductive health consultation, during which they viewed a slide-tape program (which focused on explicit photographs of and information on reproductive anatomy, fertility, hernia, testicular self-examination, abstinence, contraception, sexually transmitted diseases, couples communication, and access to health services) and met win a health care practitioner to discuss sexuality, fertility goals, reproductive health, interpersonal skills in a sexual context, and contraception.
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From page 326... ...
1990;22: 1 15-121. SCHOOL/COMMllNITY PROGRAM FOR SEXUAL RISK REDUCTION AMONG TEENS Summary: Community-based program to delay initiation of sexual intercourse and improve use of contraceptives by sexually active adolescents.
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From page 327... ...
The authors of the reanalysis suggest that the educational program combined with the provision of contraceptive counseling and services accounted for the initial decrease in adolescent pregnancy rates. They also suggest that the cessation of the contraceptive counseling and services in the school, together with a loss of momentum of the educational program, explained the subsequent rise in adolescent pregnancy rates to preprogram levels.
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From page 328... ...
Activities were designed to widen access to information about sexuality and contraception. Contraceptive services and other reproductive health services (such as pregnancy testing and treatment for sexually transmitted diseases)
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From page 329... ...
For example, the Gary site placed a strong emphasis on treating medical problems but did not consider preventing pregnancy a major goal, and therefore did not prescribe or dispense contraceptives; the San Francisco site emphasized pregnancy prevention as well as preventing AIDS and other sexually transmitted diseases, although contraceptives, including condoms, were not prescribed or distributed; the Muskegon site emphasized pregnancy prevention in the classroom as well as the clinic and provided vouchers for contraceptive pills; the Jackson site focused on risk-taking behaviors (including unprotected intercourse) , encouraged abstinence, and dispensed contraceptives; the Quincy site emphasized sexuality and reproductive health education, including He benefits of abstinence, and dispensed contraceptives; and the Dallas site focused on health care, including reproductive health care, and provided contraceptives.
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From page 330... ...
Some evaluation results varied among sites. Among males, there was no significant relationship between clinic presence and the initiation of intercourse at five of the sites; at one site, clinic presence was associated with a lower proportion of male students having initiated sexual intercourse.
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From page 331... ...
Adolescent pregnancy prevention services in high school clinics. Fam Plann Perspect.
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From page 332... ...
In the first evaluation there was an increase in precoital sexual behavior among intervention participants, especially among male participants. The second evaluation found a similar trend among those male participants who had not initiated sexual intercourse.
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From page 333... ...
To be eligible to receive the maximum AFDC grant, the adolescents were required to participate in the demonstration project: half were randomly assigned to the regular social and support services associated with AFDC benefits, and the other half were assigned to receive enhanced services. Enhanced services included special activities oriented toward self-sufficiency, such as completing education or becoming employed, and were based on a case management system.
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From page 334... ...
However, as a consequence of method misuse and failure as well as substantial nonuse, 64 percent of participants had at least one repeat pregnancy within 29 months; 21 percent had two or more repeat pregnancies. Women receiving enhanced services were no more or less likely to use contraception than women receiving regular services.
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From page 335... ...
Program: The Teen Outreach Program is a school-based program involving students in community volunteer service and is designed to reduce problem behaviors such as school suspension, failure of courses in school, dropping out of school, and adolescent pregnancy. The program, which began in St.
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From page 336... ...
Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications; 1992. TEEN TALK Summary: Sexuality education program based on the health belief model and social learning theory.
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From page 337... ...
. The researchers suggest that the program appeared to have the most positive effect on high-risk young men, but was less useful for young women in general and for young women making the transition to sexual intercourse in particular.
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