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1 INTRODUCTION
Pages 11-20

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From page 11...
... The Nuclear Waste Policy Act of 1982 commits the United States to geologic isolation as the best long-term solution to the final disposition of waste. Twelve years and billions of dollars later, there remain numerous institutional and technical questions concerning our ability to develop public confidence in full reliance on a geologic solution to the waste management problem.
From page 12...
... In summary, STATS was requested to · perform an independent review of both mature and developing separations technologies available in the United States and in other countries; · evaluate the application of separations technology to DOE's radioactive defense waste management program; · review the potential for application of separations and transmutation technologies to commercial spent nuclear fuel and potential impacts of successful waste separation and transmutation processes on the design and licensing of a deep geologic repository; this includes review and evaluation of potential life-cycle costs, benefits, ramifications, and program linkages between chemical separations and actinide or fission product transmutation in liquid metal reactors, accelerators, or other devices for the long-term management of high-level wastes; and · recommend options that are economically and technically feasible and in compliance with all applicable regulations. To initiate the study, an international workshop was held in January 1992 where the committee was briefed by a number of people representing a wide cross section of disciplines.
From page 13...
... spent nuclear fuel from civilian power reactors, and (2) radioactive wastes from selected existing defense production reactor sites.
From page 14...
... This action and a concurrent government policy also confirmed that spent fuel from civilian nuclear power reactors would not be reprocessed but disposed of directly in a repository (The Nuclear Waste Policy Act was silent on the question of spent-fuel reprocessed waste disposal)
From page 15...
... The repository at Yucca Mountain would contain a total of 70,000 metric tons uranium (MTU) equivalent of nuclear waste, of which about 62,000 MTU would be spent fuel from civilian power reactors.
From page 16...
... Concern has been expressed repeatedly with regard to an overly complex management system that places too little emphasis on the scientific and engineering evaluations to effectively determine the potential of the Yucca Mountain site on a timely basis. This apparent lack of progress and significant cost give rise to efforts to identify alternatives or simplifications to the development of a nuclear waste repository.
From page 17...
... In particular, two major laws govern commercial spent-fuel management: the Nuclear Waste Policy Act of 1982 (PL 97-425) and the Nuclear Waste Policy Amendments Act of 1987 (PL 100-203~.
From page 18...
... The federal government will eventually own and be responsible for the disposal of commercial spent fuel. The NWPA directed utilities to levy fees on electricity generated by nuclear power and to pay those fees into the federal Nuclear Waste Fund to be used to develop and operate a repository.
From page 19...
... Department of Energy signed the Hanford Federal Facility Agreement and Consent Order in 1989 (referred to as the "Tn-Party Agreement"~. The agreement is based on provisions of Executive Order 12580, Washington State Hazardous Waste Management Act, and several federal laws: the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act, as amended by the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 1986; the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, as amended by the Hazardous and Solid Waste Amendments of 1984; and the Atomic Energy Act of 1954, as amended.


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