The Industrial Green Game Implications for Environmental Design and Management (1997) / Chapter Skim
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The Industrial Symbiosis at Kalundborg, Denmark
The Industrial Symbiosis at Kalundborg, Denmark
Pages 117-123
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From page 117... ...
The symbiosis project, however, is not the result of a careful environmental planning process. It is rather the result of a gradual cooperative evolution of four neighboring industries and the Kalundborg municipality.
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From page 118... ...
1976 Novo Nordisk started delivering biological sludge to neighboring farms by tank truck. 1979 The power plant started supplying fly ash (until then a troublesome waste product)
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From page 119... ...
Sulfuric acid for Lake Water Sulfur Statoil sale Tissφ Tissφ pipeline refinery W W m er as at ea at er St g w ter a te he in at ol te w Co as Gas Water W Gas Future Fly ash sold Fly ash Asnaesvaerket Waste heat to cement green power houses manufacturers station INDUSTRIAL SYMBIOSIS AT KALUNDBORG, DENMARK G m yp ea su Was te h St m eat District Other heating Biosludge Other Novo Nordisk Gyproc fertilizer biotechnology plaster board for farming facility manufacturer Fish pond FIGURE 1 The Kalundborg symbiosis.
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From page 120... ...
The elemental sulphur being recovered is being sold as a raw material to a sulfuric acid manufacturer located in Fredericia on the mainland of Yetland in Denmark. 1991 The Statoil refinery commissioned the building of a pipeline to sup ply biologically treated refinery effluent water to the power plant for cleaning purposes and for fly-ash stabilization.
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From page 121... ...
(Production figures N/A) Nitrogen: 310 tons Phosphorus: 40 tons Steam: 215,000 tons Electric: 140,000,000 kWh kWh = kilowatt-hours; GJ = gigajoule; m2 = square meters; m3 = cubic meters 121 aThe oily waste is biologically degraded at Statoil's sludge treatment facilities.
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From page 122... ...
The symbiosis has created a positive image of Kalundborg as a clean industrial city. Perhaps most significantly, there has been a gradual development of a systematic environmental "way of thinking" that may be applied to many other industrial settings and which may be used in planning new industrial complexes.
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From page 123... ...
activity may lead to fewer environmental impacts. The key lies in carefully selecting processes and combining industries that together may effectively utilize waste materials as production inputs and thus reduce environmental impacts.
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