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1 The Promised Land: The Land of Promise
Pages 15-26

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From page 15...
... By exploiting resources, each wave of migrants to the Pacific Northwest significantly altered the landscape and, in cloing so, increased its capacity to deliver some goods and services while diminishing its potential to deliver others. The lures to migrants moving to this region in the past three decades included economic opportunity associated with the urbanization and industrialization of major transportation corridors, such as along the interstate highway from Portland to Seattle.
From page 16...
... The conflict is not usually jobs versus the environment. Typically ancE increasingly, conflicts are among types of jobs, for example, when [Logging reduces employment in fishing by altering aquatic habitats, thereby contributing to the decline of salmon stocks, or when environmental effects dilute amenities that attract other industries, jobs, and workers.
From page 17...
... By the 1960s, the first comprehensive studies demonstrating the negative effects of large clear cuts on watershed hydrology and nutrient cycling were completed. The importance of dead woody debris to the functioning of aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems in the Pacific Northwest has been made clear (Harmon et al.
From page 18...
... Management goals gradually shifted, especially on public lands, to encompass new needs, including providing wildlife habitat, protecting water quality, and meeting aesthetic concerns. Sustainable populations of indigenous species have become a major goal in the context of the Endangered Species Act, especially on public lands.
From page 19...
... People across the country who might never visit an old-growth, Douglas-fir forest have lobbied policy makers and provided financial support to various nongovernmental organizations, thereby becoming important stakeholders in decisions affecting the fate of those forests. So far, existing institutions and attempts at conflict resolution have failed to achieve a common societal vision for the Pacific Northwest.
From page 20...
... Society's desires for particular outcomes at landscape, regional, ancE even national and international scales often conflict with individual wishes to achieve certain benefits at local scales or established rights to the use of personal property. Time scales of fiscal years and JO-year management plans often drive management decisions, whereas ecosystem processes that sustain the supply of goods and services operate over many decades and centuries.
From page 21...
... Forest products enter common economic markets, whether the products are extracted from public or private lands or whether Hey come from the Pacific Northwest, other regions of the United States, or other countries. Decisions that influence supply from one ownership or region necessarily influence management decisions of others.
From page 22...
... portion of the Columbia River drainage basin (which contains salmon habitat) , the Klamath and northern coastal regions of northern California (because they are an extension of the ecoregion of southern Oregon and contain part of the northern spotted owl habitat and salmon habitat)
From page 23...
... The Promised Land: The Land of Promise 23 FIGURE 1-1. The Pacific Northwest.
From page 24...
... was the first of several important and innovative scientific efforts to bring economic and ecological stability to the Pacific Northwest. TSC members, appointed by the chief of the Forest Service, proposed in 1990 that large reserve blocks on federal forests capable of supporting 20 or more pairs of spotted owls replace the previous strategy of protecting spotted owl habitat areas around each nesting pair of owls.
From page 25...
... It aDowed some silvicultural activities in the reserves, extended timber rotation ages to 180 years on nonreserved federal land in California, required buffer zones to protect the marbled murrelet, and provided for increasing the amount of coarse woody debris and green trees left following logging on nonreserved areas. One effect of the NFP reserves is to reduce the probable timber harvest on federal "owl forests" to about a quarter of what it was during the 1980s.
From page 26...
... , written by a committee of non-Forest Service scientists appointed by the Secretary of Agriculture to review the current regulations for land-use planning on the national forests, emphasized the importance of ecological sustainability and public participation in the management of national forests. THIS REPORT This report describes the Pacific Northwest and its forests (Chapter 2~; presents information on the status of the regon's biological and hydrological resources (Chapters 3 and 4~; examines the various definitions of old-growth forests (Chapter 5~; reviews the way in which changes in the use of forest products from the region affect supplies from other regions of the country and the world (Chapter 6~; presents information on the effects of forest management on human communities in the region (Chapter 7~; and reviews forest management practices in the region, their effects, and alternative management approaches (Chapter S)


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