Simulated Voyages Using Simulation Technology to Train and License Mariners (1996) / Chapter Skim
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Appendix B: International Marine Certification Roles, Responsibilities, and Standards
Appendix B: International Marine Certification Roles, Responsibilities, and Standards
Pages 195-203
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From page 195... ...
also serve as basic professional standards for simulation applied to certification of marine pilots. Although many of the port-level pilotage systems (administered at the state level)
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From page 196... ...
Although pilotage has been implicated as a contributing factor in a number of marine accidents, corrective action that may be necessary has been viewed by the international maritime community as largely within the purview of the portstate pilotage authorities and has not stimulated review and improvement of international professional standards for pilots. THE INTERNATIONAL MARITIME ORGANIZATION Systematic international efforts to improve marine safety originated with the establishment of the Inter-governmental Maritime Consultative Organization (IMCO)
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From page 197... ...
Marine licenses issued for operation of vessels over 1,600 gross register tons are referred to as "unlimited." For seagoing ships that are under 200 gross register tons and not engaged in near-coastal voyages, there are slightly higher requirements than for ships engaged in near-coastal voyage. The tonnage categories that apply to knowledge requirements for seagoing ships are ships of less than 200 gross register tons and tankers and chemical ships with respect to onboard safety and pollution prevention.
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From page 198... ...
. Watchkeeping Requirements STCW watchkeeping requirements apply to ship owners, ship operators, masters, and watchkeeping personnel -- all of whom are charged to observe navigational watchkeeping procedures contained in STCW Regulation II/1.
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From page 199... ...
These countries grant remission of sea service for such courses to satisfy some portions of the one-year minimum requirement for officers in charge of a navigational watch aboard ships of unlimited tonnage or seagoing service requirements for advancement. These countries generally remit a higher ratio of sea service for simulator courses than for actual service, with the ratio varying from 2 to 1 to 8 to 1 (the U.S.
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From page 200... ...
The alternatives for establishing professional competence include: • at least one year of approved seagoing service as master or deck officer within the preceding five years; • performance of functions relevant to the duties of the certificate held, which are considered equivalent to the required seagoing service; or • completion of one of the following: (1) passing an approved test, (2)
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From page 201... ...
IMO RECOMMENDATIONS FOR MARITIME PILOTS IMCO Resolution A.485 (XII) -- Training, Qualification and Operational Procedures for Maritime Pilots Other than Deep-Sea Pilots -- provides recommended standards for the certification and qualification of maritime pilots who are: • not deep-sea pilots (pilots providing pilotage services outside of a local pilotage area)
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From page 202... ...
. Recommended knowledge requirements for maritime pilots include: • boundaries of local pilotage service areas; • the International Rules for the Preventing of Collisions at Sea and appli cable national and local safety and pollution prevention rules; • systems of buoyage in use in the pilotage service area; • characteristics of local lighted aids to navigation, fog signals, and beacons; • all relevant information about other aids to navigation in the pilotage service area; • pertinent channel, geographic, and topographic data; • proper courses and distances; • traffic separation and routing schemes, ships' services, and traffic man agement systems (i.e., vessel traffic services)
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From page 203... ...
Flag-state licensing authorities had few motivations to exceed STCW requirements, although forward-looking shipping companies and unions often have programs that exceed both applicable license criteria and STCW provisions. That the STCW is undergoing considerable updating reflects increased interest in improving marine safety as a result of major marine accidents with extensive pollution, beginning with the grounding of the Exxon Valdez in 1989.
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