Enhancing Organizational Performance (1997) / Chapter Skim
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6: New Military Missions
6: New Military Missions
Pages 151-165
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From page 151... ...
INTERORGANIZATIONAL RELATIONS 149 5. Successful collaborations are the result of a well-managed process that is negotiated through predictable stages, from a preengagement state, to an evaluation stage, and possible renegotiation or exit from the relationship.
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From page 153... ...
PART II Organizational Change and the Case of the Army's Changing Missions
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From page 155... ...
Army -- the successful waging of land warfare -- has not changed, its missions have broadened for it to function in the post-cold war world. The unforeseen and precipitous end of the cold war and the attendant reordering of international society have altered some of the basic missions, training, and orientations undertaken by that organization (McCalla, 1994)
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From page 156... ...
In many new missions, such heavy weaponry is inappropriate or even counterproductive to the goals that must be achieved; restraint of military force may be necessary, replacing traditional notions of battlefield superiority. Third, the fixed deterrent deployment of the U.S.
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From page 157... ...
The term peacekeeping has been popularly used to designate a wide range of phenomena, often improperly referring to any international effort involving an operational component to promote the termination of armed conflict or the resolution of long-standing disputes. In the interest of conceptual clarity, we offer the following taxonomy of different missions qualifying as operations other than war, which is the designation that the military uses for nontraditional operations and includes peacekeeping operations as well as missions that fall well outside that realm.
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From page 158... ...
8. Pacification consists of quelling civil disturbances, defeating local armed groups, forcibly separating belligerents, and maintaining law and order in an interstate war, civil war, or domestic riot, especially in the face of significant loss of life, human rights abuses, or destruction of property (U.S.
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From page 159... ...
14. Intervention in support of democracy is a military operation intended to overthrow existing leaders and to support freely elected government officials or an operation intended to protect extant and threatened democratic governments; activities may include military action against antidemocratic forces and assistance in law, order, and support services to democratic authorities.
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From page 160... ...
The proposed National Guard Youth Corps and the YESS program in Michigan are other examples. • Public health assistance is the assistance of public health authorities in meeting emergency needs and chronic problems associated with the health of the population.
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From page 161... ...
Some involve greater military influence, such as whether procedures for the mission are clear. Others can be only partly influenced by the military themselves, such as the ease of exit and the likelihood that the mission expands beyond expectations, referred to as "mission creep." Certain contextual factors may be relatively fixed at the outset, such as the clarity of the relationship with the host country, but might change over time as a result of the strategy and behavior of the military TABLE 6-1 Contextual Characteristics of Missions Characteristic Categories Role of peacekeeper Primary, mixed, or third-party Clarity of relationships with host Clear, clear on some tasks but vague on country others, or vague Clarity of procedures Clear, fluid, or vague Clarity of goals and desired outcomes Clear, somewhat clear, or vague Conflict management process Distributive, mixed, or integrative Level of control over conflict Much, moderate, or little Ease of exit from mission Easy, moderate, or difficult Possibility of mission creep High, moderate, or low Assessment of mission success Easy, moderate, or difficult Tolerance of costs by constituencies Low, moderate, or high Prior experience for Army Much, some, or little/none
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From page 162... ...
We note that a number of other characteristics, which do not affect the mission profiles, are also certainly relevant to military planning and may impact the kinds and degree of training required for a given mission; many of these characteristics are context specific and cut across different mission types. They include the likely degree of interaction anticipated with the local population, the dispersion of forces and the relative autonomy granted different parts of the operation, the physical conditions (amenities, level of privacy, facilities)
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From page 163... ...
That structure takes the form of a two-dimensional space that provides coordinates for locating the missions: more similar missions are located in closer proximity in the space. Broadly speaking, the scaling analysis is used to identify meaningful groupings of the missions and the dimensions along which they are grouped.
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From page 164... ...
, observa Primary 2 1 M C O L P F K N 0 D J B E H A G I –1 Third party –2 –2 –1 0 1 2 Integrative Distributive A Traditional peacekeeping I Preventive deployment B Observation J Arms control verification C Collective enforcement K Protective services D Election supervision L Drug eradication E Humanitarian assistance during conflict M Antiterrorism F Disaster relief N Intervention in support of democracy G State/nation building O Sanctions enforcement H Pacification P Aid to domestic, civilian populations FIGURE 6-1 Missions across characteristics.
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From page 165... ...
, arms control verification (J) , and aid to domestic civilian populations (P)
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