Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals (1996) / Chapter Skim
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3 Veterinary Medical Care
3 Veterinary Medical Care
Pages 56-70
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From page 56... ...
A veterinary-care program is the responsibility of the attending veterinarian, who is certified (see ACLAM, Appendix B) or has training or experience in laboratory animal science and medicine or in the care of the species being used.
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From page 57... ...
Coordination of ordering and receiving with animal-care personnel is important to ensure that animals are received properly and that appropriate facilities are available for housing. Several documents provide details on transportation, including the AWRs and the International Air Transport Association Live Animal Regulations (IATA 19955.
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From page 58... ...
The veterinary medical staff should have procedures for evaluating the health and, if appropriate, the pathogen status of newly received animals, and the procedures should reflect acceptable veterinary medical practice and federal and state regulations applicable to zoonoses (Butler and others 19953. Effective quarantine procedures should be used for nonhuman primates to help limit exposure of humans to zoonotic infections.
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From page 59... ...
Intraspecies separation might be essential when animals obtained from multiple sites or sources, either commercial or institutional, differ in pathogen status, e.g., sialodacryoadenitis virus in rats, mouse hepatitis virus, Paster Ella ~nultocida in rabbits, for Cercopithecine herpesvirus 1 (formerly Herpesvir~s simile) in macaque species, and Mycoplasma hyopne~'moniae in swine.
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From page 60... ...
Examples of infectious agents that can be subclinical but induce profound immunologic changes or alter physiologic, pharmacologic, or toxicologic responses are Sendai virus, Kilham rat virus, mouse hepatitis virus, lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus, and Mycoplasma pulmoMis (NRC l991a,b)
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From page 61... ...
Major survival surgery penetrates and exposes a body cavity or produces substantial impairment of physical or physiologic functions (such as laparotomy, thoracotomy, craniotomy, joint replacement, and limb amputation)
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From page 62... ...
Although laparoscopic procedures are often performed on an "outpatient" basis, appropriate aseptic technique is necessary if a body cavity is penetrated. In nonsurvival surgery, an animal is euthanatized before recovery from anesthesia.
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From page 63... ...
Generally, farm animals maintained for biomedical research should undergo surgery with procedures and in facilities compatible with the guidelines set forth in this section. However, some minor and emergency procedures that are commonly performed in clinical veterinary practice and in commercial agricultural settings may be conducted under less-stringent conditions than experimental surgical procedures in a biomedical-research setting.
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From page 64... ...
, analgesics, and other drugs; care for surgical incisions; and maintenance of appropriate medical records. After anesthetic recovery, monitoring is often less intense but should include attention to basic biologic functions of intake and elimination and behavioral signs of postoperative pain, monitoring for postsurgical infections, monitoring of the surgical incision, bandaging as appropriate, and timely removal of skin sutures, clips, or staples (UFAW 19891.
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From page 65... ...
Neuromuscular blocking agents (e.g., pancuronium) are sometimes used to paralyze skeletal muscles during surgery in which general anesthetics have been administered (Klein 19873.
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From page 66... ...
Death should be confirmed by personnel who can recognize cessation of vital signs in the species being euthanatized. Euthanatizing animals is psychologically difficult for some animal-care, veterinary, and research personnel, particularly if they are involved in performing euthanasia repetitively or if they have become emotionally attached to the animals being euthanatized (Arluke 1990; NRC 1992; Rollin 1986; Wolfle 1985~.
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From page 67... ...
1974. Surgery of laboratory animals.
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From page 68... ...
Montreal, Quebec: International Air Transport Association. IRAC (Interagency Research Animal Committee)
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From page 69... ...
A report of the Institute of Laboratory Animal Resources Committee on Pain and Distress in Laboratory Animals. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press.
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From page 70... ...
Pp. 311-312 in Laboratory Animals: An Introduction for New Experimenters, A
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