Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals (1996) / Chapter Skim
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4 Physical Plant
4 Physical Plant
Pages 71-80
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From page 71... ...
Effective planning and design should include input from personnel experienced with animal-facility design and operation and from representative users of the proposed facility. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD)
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From page 72... ...
Most multipurpose animal facilities also include the following: . Specialized laboratories or space contiguous with or near animal-housing areas for such activities as surgery, intensive care, necropsy, radiography, preparation of special diets, experimental procedures, clinical treatment, and diagnostic laboratory procedures.
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From page 73... ...
to allow the easy passage of racks and equipment. Doors should fit tightly within their frames, and both doors and frames should be appropriately sealed to prevent vermin entry or harborage.
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From page 74... ...
Floor drains are not essential in all animal rooms, particularly those housing rodents. Floors in such rooms can be sanitized satisfactorily by wet vacuuming or mopping with appropriate cleaning compounds or disinfectants.
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From page 75... ...
Regular monitoring of the HVAC system is important and is best done at the individual-room level. Previously specified temperature and humidity ranges can be modified to meet special animal needs in circumstances in which all or most of the animal facility is designed exclusively for acclimated species with similar requirements (for example, when animals are held in a sheltered or outdoor facility)
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From page 76... ...
Also, consideration should be given to the regulation of air-pressure differentials in surgical, procedural, housing, and service areas. For example, areas for quarantine, housing, and use of animals exposed to hazardous materials and for housing of nonhuman primates should be kept under relative negative pressure, whereas areas for surgery, for clean-equipment storage, and for housing of pathogen-free animals should be kept under relative positive pressure with clean air.
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From page 77... ...
Noise-producing support functions, such as cage-washing, are commonly separated from housing and experimental functions. Masonry walls are more effective than metal or plaster walls in containing noise because their density reduces sound transmission.
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From page 78... ...
For most rodent surgery, a facility may be small and simple, such as a dedicated space in a laboratory appropriately managed to minimize contamination from other activities in the room during surgery. The facility often becomes larger and more complex as the number of animals, the size of animals, or the complexity of procedures increases, for instance, large-volume rodent procedures, the need for special restraint devices, hydraulic operating tables, and floor drains for farmanimal surgery, and procedures that require large surgical teams and support equipment and thus large space.
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From page 79... ...
The type of caging and support equipment will depend on the species and types of procedures but should be designed to be easily cleaned and to support physiologic functions, such as the~moregulation and respiration. Depending on the circumstances, a postoperative recovery area for farm animals might be modified or nonexistent in some field situations, but precautions should be taken to minimize risk of injury to .
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From page 80... ...
1974. Air temperature and humidity response to cleaning water loads in laboratory animal storage facilities.
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